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乳清導電度對豆乳凝結後豆腐堅實度之研究

A Study of the Electrical Conductivity of Whey for Categorizing the Firmness of Tofu Gels

摘要


本研究使用葡萄糖酸-δ-內酯(glucono-δ-lactone; GDL)作凝結劑,以改變凝結劑添加量(0.5%、1.0%及1.5%)、豆乳濃度(7° Brix、9° Brix及11° Brix)及凝結溫度(65℃、75℃及85℃)三個因子所得到凝結完成的豆腐,在凝結過程中進行穿刺試驗以獲得不同時間下豆腐的堅實度,凝結完成後量測乳清導電度,分析探討三個因子對凝結過程中豆腐的堅實度變化,以及對乳清導電度的影響,進一步探討乳清導電度與豆腐堅實度之關係,藉由非破壞性的導電度量測來檢測豆腐的堅實度等級。實驗結果顯示在第10分鐘與第1分鐘的豆腐堅實度比值隨著豆乳濃度的增高而顯著增加,但隨著凝結劑添加量增加而顯著減低,隨著豆乳濃度因子增高,凝固完成的豆腐堅實度及乳清導電度均有顯著性的增加,豆腐堅實度均隨著乳清導電度的增加而提高,可利用乳清導電度來區分軟等級及中等級堅實度的豆腐。

並列摘要


Tofu gels were made by heat treatment with a combination of different concentrations of glucono-δ-lactone (GDL, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) and soymilk (7°Brix, 9° Brix and 11° Brix) and coagulating temperatures (65℃, 75℃ and 85℃). The firmness of the tofu gels in coagulation was investigated using a penetration test. The firmness measurements were used as a calibration in correlating the electrical conductivity (EC) of post-coagulation whey. Laboratory investigation revealed that the firmness of tofu gel and the EC of whey are proportional to the soymilk concentration, but is considerably anti-proportional to the coagulant concentration. The EC of whey may be used as an effective measurement of coagulated tofu gels.

並列關鍵字

Tofu GDL Whey Electrical Conductivity Firmness

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