本文係放在蘇州地方政府積極開發工業區以招商引資的脈絡下,從土地產權體制轉化的角度探索九O年代中期以後這一波「圈地運動」背後的作用機制,並分析地方政府(包括地級市一縣級市一鎮一村)內部治理體系在運作上的矛盾、折衝以及如何協調土地變更使用引發的利益分配。本文指出帶有計畫經濟色彩的經濟發展諸指標的分派、下達與榦部考核機制加上激烈的地方招商競爭在這一波土地產權轉化的過程扮演了重要的角色,這對於地方財政的運作並不見得有利,並產生諸如農民安置以及土地資源流失等「治理赤字」。本文顯示探討中國大陸地方經濟發展的動力時不應該只弛調環燒著財政體制改革與權力下放的「經濟典範」,而必須注意諸如榦部考核與條塊指標體制等等「政治治理」的面向,才能對後社會主義體制轉化的地方發展模式有更深刻的分析。
This article aims to explore the mechanisms of the transformation of land property rights in the Suzhou area, and investigate the practice of the inter-governmental governance as well as the negotiation of the distribution of derived interests under the context of rapid industrialization since the 1990s. We point out that the assignment of evaluative economic indices scheme inherited from the bygone socialist planning system, combined with cadre party members’ promotion-checking evaluation system and fierce local competition, has played an important role in this wave of land property rights transformation. However, this model of development has brought forth little help to the local financial conditions, as it has produced the issues of peasants’ dislocation and loss of land resources. Furthermore, this study shows that instead of focusing on the ”economic paradigms,” such as fiscal reforms and decentralization policies, scholars should pay more attention to the dimension of ”political governance,” for instance, systems of cadre intra-party members’ promotion-checking evaluation and the tensions between the evaluative indicators systems maintained by the ”Tiao” (central/local sectorial command) and - ”Kuai” (sector-territorial jurisdictionsdistrict) indices, which would be helpful for further understanding of the dynamics and contradictions complexities of the local development in China.