應用結構方程模式探討影響都會旅次鏈結之潛伏因素

Application of the Structural Equation Model (SEM) on Latent Trip-Chaining Tendency of Urban Travelers

廖祐君(Yu-Chun Liao) ； 楊士賢(Shih-Hsien Yang)

《中國土木水利工程學刊》 22卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 435-445

https://doi.org/10.6652/JoCICHE.201012_22(4).0008

摘要

旅運者之活動╱旅運行為除受限於旅運者及其所屬家戶之社經特性影響外，尚與活動間之時空相對關係密切相關；同時，此複雜決策行為，實決定於旅運者之旅次鏈結意向（trip-chaining tendency），進而影響其實際活動參與之旅程安排。過去旅運行為研究中，對於影響變數之探索多有一致性之瞭解，然而除上述提及較易量測之影響因素外，旅運者之一日活動參與及鏈結行為亦受到諸多內部與外部難以觀測之潛伏因素影響，且各潛伏因子間亦可能存在交互影響關係，此複雜作用已非傳統之迴歸分析方法所能處理。因此，本研究根據活動理論，組建影響旅運者鏈結意向之五組潛伏構向（latent construct）：時窗擴充性、家戶任務分攤、家戶成員互動、固定排程限制、及活動多樣性，以美國交通部2004年出版之旅運日誌調查（National Household Travel Survey, NHTS）做為分析資料，並利用結構方程模式（structural equation model, SEM）建構影響個體旅次鏈結意向之聯立迴歸方程組，分析各因子直接或間接影響鏈結意向之效果。藉由此鏈結意向之研究，探討旅運者決策活動聯結性之潛伏因素與時間—活動間之交互影響作用，以期對都市旅運者之實際複雜旅運行為有更進一步之了解。

關鍵字

旅次鏈結意向 ； 結構方程模式 ； 潛伏構向

並列摘要

The aim of this research is to examine the daily travel-activity behavior of urban commuters by adopting the concept of latent trip-chaining tendency to analyze the influences among trip makers' activity participation and travel behaviors. According to empirical studies, travel-activity behavior is not only influenced by socioeconomic characteristics, but also by spatial-temporal constraints of each activity in interests. However, in addition to the observable exogenous variables explored in previous studies, there are latent, unobservable factors manifesting commuters' travel-activity behavior. This study, based on activity theory, uses structural equation model to capture the relationship of trip-chaining tendency and other latent constructs, including time windows expansion, household duty sharing, interactions between household members, work constraints, and activity diversity. By using the NHTS travel data collected by U.S. Department of Transportation, the analysis results from this study is valuable for recognizing compositions of various latent constructs and verifying the complex relationships in between.

並列關鍵字

trip-chaining tendency ； structural equation model ； latentvariable