急重症護理人員對器官捐贈的態度與知識及其相關因素之探討

Attitudes, Knowledge, and Related Factors Concerning Organ Donation and Procurement Among Nurses in Emergency and Critical Care Units

張嘉蘋(Jia-Ping Chang) ； 葉莉莉(Lily Yeh) ； 溫敏杰(Miin-Jye Wen)

《慈濟醫學雜誌》 14卷2期 (2002/04) Pp. 87-96

https://doi.org/10.6440/TZUCMJ.200204.0087

摘要

目的：本研究目的旨在探討急重症護理人員對器官捐贈（以上簡稱器捐）的態度及知識，並分析護理人員的態度與知識得分是否與人員特質、經驗、訓練因素有關。病人與方法：研究者經專家確認之結構式問卷，對南部某醫學中心的急診，以及四個加護病房（外科、內科、心臟、呼吸）之護理人員收集資料；計得有效問卷136份，以SPSS 8.0系統進行分析。結果：護理人器捐的態度偏正向，平均得分3.5分（滿分5.0分）；知識之平均得分9.0分（滿分14.0分）。相關性檢定發現與態度得分有關之因素有五：護理人員的層級、照顧器捐者之次數、是否曾參與器捐勸募、是否簽署器捐卡、是否和家人討論過器捐的看法。與知識得分有關之因素有六：護理人員的層級、照顧器捐者之次數、照顧受贈者之次數、是否曾參與器捐勸募、是否和家人討論過器捐的看法、以及是否曾經參加器捐相關課程。複迴歸分析發現，可解釋態度得分因素為「是否參加器捐勸募」及「是否簽署器捐卡」，可解釋知識得分之因素為「臨床年資」、「護理層級」、「照顧器捐者之經驗」以及「是否曾修習相關過程」；而人員的態度與知識得分之間沒有顯著相關。結論：本研究顯示急重症單位護理人員對器捐的態度偏向正向，各單位中，以外科加護人員之態度與知識得分，顯著高於其他單位人員。研究結果可做為在職教育的參考，以期提高器捐勸募的機會，造福等待移值的病患。

關鍵字

急重症護理人員 ； 器官捐贈 ； 態度 ； 知識

並列摘要

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore attitudes and knowledge concerning organ donation and procure-ment among nursing staff in the emergency room (ER) and critical care unit (ICU). We also wanted to identify factors associated with nurses’ attitudes and knowledge, such as characteristics of personnel, work experience and education. Patients and Methods: The authors used a structured questionnaire to collect data in five units (one ER, and four ICUs) in one medical center located in southern Taiwan. We collected 136 questionnaires, and applied SPSS 8.0 software to analyze the data. Results: The average attitude score was 3.5 (full score was 5), which showed nurses had a slightly positive attitude. The average knowledge score was 9 (full score was 14), which revealed nurses’ knowledge was not sufficient to procure organs. Stepwise multiple regressions revealed that significant factors associated with attitude scores were: “be involved in organ procurement” and “ individual consent to organ donation”; and significant factors associated with knowledge scores were: “work experience”, “clinical ladder”, “experience in care of organ donor “and “received education in related topics”. Moreover, there was no correlation between the attitude and knowl-edge scores. Conclusion: Staff in the ER and ICUs had slightly positive attitudes toward organ donation, but their knowledge of this subject was insufficient. The results of the current study can be a reference to design on-the-job education and hopefully to increase the hopefully to increase the procurement rate to benefit those who are waiting for transplantation.

並列關鍵字

Emergency and Critical Care Nursing ； organ donation ； attitude ； knowledge