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The State and the Making of the Welfare System in India

印度國家與社會福利制度之形成

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摘要


這篇論文主要是西元2000年在新德里一個月研究經驗的結果。文中一方面提出國家的建立與政府運作的關係,以及當今印度的社會福利制度形成。同時-且是較重要的-作者看出在印度,國家與相對缺乏、失敗的社會政策之關聯性。 在這篇論文中,作者利用一種政治的、歷史制度的方法來探究印度福利制度成敗的決定因素。文中推論出1950年憲法妥協的政治結果、國家中彼此毫不相讓之社會、語言、宗教和文化的分歧,事實上是社會政策的遲緩、失敗和相對不足的主要原因,並導致目前印度福利制度的結果。

並列摘要


This study is the outcome of a one-month-long research trip to New Dehli in the year 2000. The paper addresses the relationship between national building and the functioning of the State on the one hand and the making of the Indian welfare system as it is today. At the same time-and, more importantly-the author looks at the connection between State and the relative absence and failure of social policies in India. In this study, the author applies a political, historical-institutional approach in tracing the determinants for the successes/failures of India's welfare system. The paper concludes that the political outcome of the 1950 constitutional compromise and the unrelenting social, lingual, religious, and cultural disunity of the country, in fact, are chiefly responsible for the delay, the failure and the relative absence of social policies, and as a result a decent welfare system, in India.

參考文獻


Aspalter, Christian(2002).Population Policy in India.International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy.22(11),48-72.
Aspalter, Christian(2002).Democratization and Welfare State Development in Taiwan.Ashgate:Aldershot, UK.
Aspalter, Christian,C. Aspalter (ed.)(2002).Discovering the Welfare State in East Asia.Praeger:Westport, CT.
Bajpai, Ranjana(1992).Society in India.New Dehli:S. Chand & Company.
Banjeri, Debabar(1985).Health and Family Planning Services in India: An Epidemiological, Socio-Cultural, and Political Analysis and a Perspective.New Dehli:Lok Paksh.

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