- 期刊
由Peronospora Belbahrii引起之羅勒露菌病
First Report of Peronospora Belbahrii Causing Downy Mildew on Basil. Plant Pathol
摘要
西元2009年3月在南投埔里及雲林虎尾地區之羅勒植株上發現一種新病害，其病徵為葉片黃化及輕微皺縮，在高濕的環境下葉背易產生黑褐色絨毛狀物，經鏡檢為一種露菌之孢囊柄及孢囊。病原菌孢囊柄呈現透明及二至五次分叉，長度 223.1-608.9 μm（平均403.6 μm），其頂端著生黑褐色卵圓形孢囊，大小27.3-35.4×19.8-27.7μm（平均 32.2×22.5 μm），長寬比 1.1-1.8（平均1.4），自葉片取下孢囊製成孢囊懸浮液噴灑於羅勒葉背進行人工接種，8天後可造成與田間相同之病徵，鏡檢罹病組織觀察到與接種相同之孢囊，完成柯霍氏法則（Koch's postulates），證實該菌對羅勒具有病原性，但不會感染薄荷、白菜、葉萵苣及甜瓜。依據其形態特徵、寄主範圍測試及ITS增幅序列分析比對，鑑定此菌為Peronospora belbahrii Thines，此菌所引起之羅勒露菌病為臺灣首次之報導。
並列摘要
A new disease of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) was found in the field of Nantu and Yunlin in the spring of 2009. The main symptoms were chlorosis and slight curve of leaves followed by defoliation. The gray, downy molds on the underside of the leaves were observed as the sporangiophores and sporangia. Sporangiophores are hyaline, branched two to five times, 223.1-608.9 μm (avg. 403.6 μm) in length, and ended with sterigmata bearing single sporangia. Sporangia are 27.3-35.4×19.8-27.7 μm (avg. 32.2×22.5 μm) in size, length/width ratio 1.1-1.8 (avg. 1.4), elliptical and grayish in mass. The sporangia were collected from diseased leaves for pathogenicity tests by spore suspension spraying. The pathogen caused chlorosis and shrinkage of leaf on basil as in the field, but didn't cause any symptom on coleus, Pai-tsai, leaf lettuce, and melon. According to the morphology, pathogenicity test, host range, and ITS sequence analysis, the pathogen was identified as Peronospora belbahrii Thines. This is the first report of downy mildew of basil caused by P. belbahrii in Taiwan.
延伸閱讀
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