符號學巴黎學派的敘述模態研究

本文主旨在於介紹及討論由葛瑞瑪斯(Algirdas Julien Greimas)所創立和領導的符號學巴黎學派，在其由1966年持續到1979年的第二理論階段中的敘述理論，尤其著重其中最具特色的模態(modalités)理論。本文首先簡介模態理論所針對的理論問題及其基本開展（四種基本模態及主體實現圖表），接著探討客體價值和雙重敘述節，並抽引出參與、爭論、相互贈與、交換等各種溝通形式分類，最後再談及狀態陳述中的模態問題（存有的模態化、真實檢驗模態及相信的模態）。在文章最末，我們提出此一理論可能的文化限制、二元主義及基本哲學立場等問題作為更深入探討的線索。

關鍵字

符號學巴黎學派；葛瑞瑪斯；敘述理論；模態；主體實現；溝通；經典；敘述圖式

並列摘要

The central subject of this paper is to introduce the narrative theory of the Paris School of Semiotics founded by Algirdas Julien Greimas, and more specifically its narrative modalities theory developed between 1966 and 1979, normally considered as the second period of the School. We will begin with the theoretical problems which narrative modalities theory try to resolve and its basic developments (the four fundamental modalities and the schema of the realization of the subject), then come to discuss the value of the object and the double narrative programs, and with them, the classification of several forms of communication (participative, polemic, mutual gift and exchange), and finally the modalities of the utterances of state (the modalization of being, the veridictory modalities and modalities of belief). At the end of paper, we will put forward the questions about the possible cultural limitation, the binarism, and the philosophical standpoint of this theory.

並列關鍵字

Paris School of Semiotics ； Algirdas Julien Greimas ； narrative theory ； modalities ； realization of the subject ； communication ； the canonic narrative schema