兒童馬基人格、人際欺騙與同儕關係

A Study on Children's Machiavellian, Interpersonal Deception and Peer Relationship

鄭芬蘭(Fin-Land Cheng) ； 楊晴閔(Ching-Min Yang) ； 黃秋華(Chiu-Hua Huang)

《花蓮教育大學學報》 27期 (2008/12) Pp. 133-159

https://doi.org/10.7073/JNHUE.200812.0133

摘要

本文旨在探究兒童的馬基人格、人際欺騙策略與同儕關係。採調查研究法，執行差異考驗與結構方程模式分析。結果顯示：不同性別與不同馬基人格組別的兒童，在同儕關係沒有差異。第二，高馬基組兒童，比中、低馬基組表現較多的人際欺騙策略，男童也比女童表現更多的人際欺騙策略。第三，有關理論模式與觀察資料大致適配，唯模式的內在品質有精進空間。另外，馬基人格對人際欺騙策略有中、高的直接效果，並進而影響同儕關係。亦即馬基人格傾向愈明顯的兒童，透過印象管理策略對同儕關係有正面效果；採用人際管理欺騙策略則對同儕關係有不利影響；另外，採情緒管理欺騙策略者，對同儕關係並沒有明顯效果。值得注意的是，具馬基人格傾向的兒童，採取不同類別的人際欺騙策略，對於同儕關係則有正、負效果不一的現象。整體而言，兒童具馬基人格傾向時，會透過人際欺騙策略對同儕關係有一定程度的影響效果。而兒童人際欺騙策略的因素抽取與先前以成人為研究對象的因素結構不同，所以人際欺騙策略的合理分類應視研究對象與人際脈絡再探究。最後，師長宜協助兒童採用積極的人際溝通行為，以促進其維持友善的同儕關係與正向人格發展。

關鍵字

馬基人格 ； 人際欺騙 ； 同儕關係

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate children's Machiavellian (Mach)、interpersonal deception strategy (IDS) and peer relationship. We adopted a survey research designed and gathered data from elementary schools students. we analyzed the data by ANOVA and structural equation model (SEM). This research results suggest: (a) There are not significant difference in peer relationship among different gender and the distinguished group of Mach's children. (b) The higher Mach's children more often use IDS than the low's, so do the boys than girls. (c) It's passable fit between the theoretical model and the practical data, but the model of internal quality still need to reform slightly. (d) Based on the model causal path effects, the higher Mach's children more often use impressiom management IDS and exist positive effects to peer relationship, so do the interpersonal management IDS but exist negative effects to peer relationship, and there are not significant effects when the higher Mach's children use Emotional management IDS to peer relationship. It's worthwhile mentioning, the higher Mach's children adopting different kinds of IDS are inconsistent effects with one's peer relationship. In general, this study indicates that the Mach have some mediate effect through IDS on peer relationship. (e) There are also found some different between children and adult's factor structure of IDS. Therefore the model need more futher research to verify the causal relation between Mach and peer relationship. Thus, the rational classification should be explored as the participant and interpersonal context. Finally, suggestions for future research were proposed on the issue of children's Mach and IDS. Teachers might give more positive advice for children to promote positive interpersonal behavior and the development of personality.

並列關鍵字

machiavellian ； interpersonal deception ； peer relationship