含水率與溫度對流蘇種子儲藏性質之影響

Effects of Seed Moisture Content and Storage Temperature on the Storage Behavior of Seeds of the Chinese Fringetree (Chionanthus retusus Lindl. & Paxt.)

楊正釧(Jeng-Chuann Yang) ； 林讚標(Tsan-Piao Lin)

《台灣林業科學》 19卷3期 (2004/09) Pp. 247-258

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200409.0247

摘要

本文以不同的種子含水率與不同的溫度探討流蘇種子的儲藏性質。結果顯示將流蘇種子含水率降低至4.8%（鮮重）儲藏於-20℃時，經24 mo後其發芽率並無下降，故判定屬乾儲型。以-20℃進行長期儲藏時最適當的種子含水率在5%左右。另於4與15℃儲藏時，含水率5-15%之種子在2 yr內其發芽率並不會顯著下降。4℃層積僅稍能提高發根率，但使平均發芽日數顯著延長；而經4與15℃乾藏3-24 mo之種子其平均發芽日數亦顯著延長，而且此效應於含水率愈高的種子愈顯著；故低溫層積與低溫乾藏均會誘導胚根休眠。種子具乾燥後熟作用，將新鮮種子乾燥至含水率20%以下時，能有效提高發芽率及發芽速度。種子發芽時溫度不宜低於20℃，以20/30℃變溫能有效促使種子發根。基於上述結果，本文並對流蘇的果實採集、種子處理、儲藏及解除休眠等提出討論。

關鍵字

流蘇 ； 乾儲型 ； 種子儲藏性質 ； 層積處理

並列摘要

The effects of moisture content a increased nd temperature on the storage behavior of Chinese fringetree (Chionanthus retusus Lindl. & Paxt.) seeds were investigated. Seed germinability could be maintained at -20℃ for at least 24 mo at a moisture content of 4.8% (on a fresh-weight basis), therefore, confirming the orthodox seed storage behavior. The optimum moisture content for long- term seed storage at -20℃ was about 5%. Seeds of the Chinese fringetree were also characterized by very low deterioration rates if the moisture content was maintained at between 5 and 15% at either 4 or 15℃ in 2 yr of storage. Chilling treatment at 4℃ had little beneficial effect on the emergence of the radicle, and reduction in the mean germination times significantly increased. The mean germination times of seeds significantly increased in a period of 3 and 24 mo of dry storage at either 4 or 15℃, especially in the case with a high water content. It was concluded that chilling and cold dry storage induced seed dormancy. After-ripening occurred when fresh mature seeds were dehydrated to 20% moisture content. Emergence of the radicle, however, could be promoted by incubating the seeds at alternating temperatures of 20/30℃ but not under a constant temperature of 20℃. In this article, the practice of fruit collection, seed treatment, seed storage, and seed dormancy breaking of the Chinese fringetree are discussed.

並列關鍵字

Chinese fringetree (Chionanthus retusus) ； orthodox ； seed storage behavior ； chilling