家暴婦女庇護中心工作者情緒張力與因應策略

Working in a Battered Woman Shelter in Taiwan: Stress and Coping Strategies

汪淑媛(Shu-Yuan Wang)

《社會政策與社會工作學刊》 10卷1期 (2006/06) Pp. 189-226

https://doi.org/10.6785/SPSW.200606.0189

摘要

本文作者實務帶領某家暴婦女庇護中心工作人員支持團體與個案研討會一年期間，發現家暴庇護中心工作員所服務的對象多數為身心重創的危機個案，可能引發特殊的職場壓力與情緒干擾，包括擔心施暴者威脅，保密壓力，容易有替代性創傷、高機率的情感轉移與反轉移，多重工作角色衝突以及不愔外籍個案的語言文化與價值衝突等。社工員因工作而引發的情緒張力如果沒有適時地察覺以及透過安全的管道抒解，可能會產生工作倦怠、疏離、甚至對個案產生反感情緒，社工員也可能因此自我懷疑與責難，認為自己不能勝任工作而離職。本文發現，每月固定的支持團體與個案研討會可以提供安全管道讓工作員抒解情緒張力以及研討工作困境。作者建議相關機構要認可並鼓勵工作人員學習自我照顧的方法與習慣，培養開放的組織氣氛，以及舉辦相關教育訓練；此外建構安全舒適的工作環境是工作人員與受到重創的家暴婦女恢復能量的共同需要，工作員、機構與相關社福單位應予以重視。

關鍵字

家暴受害婦女 ； 庇護中心工作者情緒張力 ； 替代性受創 ； 支持團體 ； 目睹家暴兒童

並列摘要

The author led both a support group and a case study meeting for workers employed at a shelter in Taiwan for women and children who are victims of domestic violence. The shelter workers were found to be suffering from specific kinds of stress. Primary amongst these were the risk of exposing themselves to vicarious trauma, the high rate and heavy emotional drain of transference and counter-transference between them and the clients, the various and sometimes conflicting roles they are called upon to play, and the difference in values between themselves and the battered women, particularly those from foreign countries. In addition, there was the constant threat of incurring violent retribution upon themselves or their charges should any of the abusing husbands discover the whereabouts of the facility. The stressful working conditions were found to result in fatigue, emotional disconnectedness with clients and job, and feelings of incompetence among the shelter workers. The support groups and case study meetings were able to remedy much of this by giving the workers a venue to vent their feelings and exchange with one another practical and useful information necessary to cope with these challenges. As a result of these findings it is suggested that the organization might better meet the needs of its shelter workers by (1) supplying training and on-going support groups to cope with the particular stresses and problems they face, (2) providing an atmosphere that encourages self-care, and (3) providing a working environment that is safe and comfortable for the workers as well as the battered women recovering from their traumas.

並列關鍵字

battered woman ； shelter worker stress ； vicarious trauma ； support group ； children witnessing domestic violence

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