婚暴防治社工「案主自決」觀點之初探

本研究的研究目的在了解婚暴社工有關受虐婦女「自決」的觀點、了解落實「案主自決」原則的困境，以回應婚暴防治工作中受虐婦女「高危機、低意願」的實務現況。為了達到上述目的，研究者採質性研究取向，利用「非結構」的個別訪談法，收集10位曾參與「家庭暴力安全防護網」之婚暴防治社工的意見。研究者發現：雖有部份受訪者表示尊重受虐婦女選擇的自由，然而多數受訪者卻認為受虐婦女在長期受虐、有限資源和高危機的狀況下，並沒有「自決」的空間，其並對「案主自決」原則被社工誤解和濫用的情形感到憂心；此外，多數受訪者雖認為應用「案主自決」原則有其前提，然彼此間對「案主自決」原則的應用前提看法並不一致，研究者並在資料歸納的過程中發現，婚暴社工在落實「案主自決」原則時，會受到案主、工作者、組織結構和暴力特性等因素的干擾。因此，研究者建議釐清「案主自決」原則的定義、使用前提，建立原則使用的評估機制，是減輕婚暴社工處遇壓力、解決「案主自決」原則濫用的當務之急。

關鍵字

社工處遇；案主自決；婚暴防治

並列摘要

The study aims to explore the views of ”client self-determination” and its difficulties while implementing to abused women in order to help social workers of marital violence practice with ”high risk and low intention” abused women. Qualitative research approach was conducted in the study. The opinions of ten social workers who have participated in ”security and prevention network of domestic violence” were: gathered by unstructured individual interview. The study finds that most of the participant s express the abused women lack of opportunity of using ”client self-determination” as suffering long -term abuses, limited resources and high risk situation, albeit some participants respect the autonomy of client's self-determination. Moreover, they worry about misunderstanding and abuse of ”client self-de termination” principles in their practice. Additionally, although most of them agree at some prerequisite for applying ”client self-determination” but lack of agreeable opinion, and ”client self-determination” in marital violence prevent ion is influenced by the clients, workers, organization structures as well as violence characteristics. Thus, the researcher suggest that define the principles and prerequisite for using ”client self-determination” clearly, as well as set up evaluative procedure are the critical point of releasing social worker pressure and coping with the abuse of its principles in marital violence.