有機栽培對甘藷塊根營養成分之影響

Nutrient Components of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batata L.) Tuberous Root as Affected by Organic Cultivation Practices

林志信(Jhih-Sin Lin) ； 李瑞興(Ruey-Shing Lee) ； 溫英源(Yung-Yuang Wen) ； 侯金日(Chin-Jin Hou)

《嘉大農林學報》 7卷1期 (2010/02) Pp. 76-91

https://doi.org/10.29891/JAFNCU.201002.0006

摘要

本研究探討有機栽培技術，對甘藷塊根營養成分之影響。此營養成分測定主要包含粗灰分、粗蛋白、粗纖維、粗脂肪、還原醣及澱粉。試驗結果顯示不同有機栽培方式，對甘藷營養成分含量影響有顯著差異。不同輪作綠肥對甘藷營養成分之影響，以大豆及鵲豆表現較佳，田菁及太陽麻較差。不同採收期對粗灰分及粗脂肪影響則無顯著差異，粗蛋白含量以種植後120天採收表現較佳，爲6.53%。而粗纖維、還原醣及澱粉則是以種植後180天採收較佳，分別爲1.44%、5.69%及39.8%。施用不同有機堆肥對粗灰分及粗脂肪無顯著影響。除粗纖維外，在粗蛋白、還原醣及澱粉含量中，則雞糞堆肥表現皆較豬糞堆肥佳。不同施肥量以施用高量堆肥(4000 kg/ha)對營養成分除粗灰分及粗纖維外，餘各種成分皆較其他三種施肥量佳，對照組表現則是最差；而三種不同施豬糞堆肥方式，以分施處理對甘藷營養成分表現較佳，對照組則表現較不理想。不同方式控制雜草對甘藷營養成分之影響試驗中，四種不同綠肥間植，以綠肥大豆在各成分中表現較佳；四種耕犁次數控制雜草試驗，三次耕犁對粗蛋白、還原醣及澱粉有較佳之表現；四種敷蓋物以花生殼對各種成分有較佳之表現。此結果顯示，甘藷塊根中之粗灰分、粗蛋白、粗纖維、粗脂肪、還原醣及澱粉會受到品種及有機栽培技術之影響而有顯著差異。

關鍵字

甘藷 ； 有機栽培 ； 輪作綠肥 ； 中耕 ； 敷蓋 ； 間植綠肥 ； 成分分析

並列摘要

Nutrient of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) tuberous root from different organic cultivation practices were investigated. Components included crude ash, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, reducing sugar and starch. It was found that component differed from sweet potatoes with different organic cultivation practices. That sweet potatoes cultivated with the rotation of different green manure was better for soybean and hyacinth bean, it was worse for sesbania and sunhemp. Crude ash and crude fat were not significant for differences in harvesting date. Crude protein was better (6.53%) with harvesting after cultivating 120 day. Crude fiber, reducing sugar and starch were better (1.44%, 5.69% and 39.8%) with harvesting days after planting 180. Crude ash and crude fat were not significant for different organic composts. The treatment with chicken dung compost were batter than the treatment with pig dung compost for crude protein、reducing sugar and starch. The highest application rate (4000 kg/ha) of dung compost was better than other application rates for crude protein, crude fat, reducing sugar and starch. The method of applying compost with 2/3 basal +1/3 top dressing was better and the control was worst for nutrient components. Nutrient components of sweet potatoes with weed management in organic cultivation was better by intercropped soybean. Crude protein, reducing sugar and starch were better with thrice intertillage. Nutrient components of sweet potatoes with different mulch was better by peanut shell. The results of this study suggest that crude ash, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, reducing sugar and starch were affected by different cultivars and different organic cultivation practices.

並列關鍵字

Sweet potato ； Organic cultivation ； Rotation green manure crop ； Intertillage ； Peanue ； Intercropped with green manure crop ； Nutrient components