家長式領導：三元模式的建構與測量

A Triad Model of Paternalistic Leadership: Constructs and Measurement

鄭伯壎(Bor-Shiuan Cheng) ； 周麗芳(Li-Fang Chou) ； 樊景立(Jiing-Lih Farh)

《本土心理學研究》 14期 (2000/12) Pp. 3-64

摘要

家長式領導是華人社會特有的領導型態之一，其特色是在一種人治的氛圍下，彰顯父親般的仁慈與威嚴，並具有道德的無私典範。針對此一現象，目前已有文化根源的分析與概念的探討，可惜仍未有量化的實徵性研究，理由是欠缺具一定信、效度的工具，來測量此一概念。本文的目的即在過去的研究基礎上，補足此一缺口，根據家長式領導的三種組成要素：威權、仁慈及德行，來編製家長式領導量表(Paternalistic Leadership Scale, PLS)，並以確認性因素分析(confirmatory factor analysis)來檢驗其概念建構。結果顯示，在台灣企業組織與教育組織的樣本中，證明了此量表具有不錯的內部一致性信度，且不論是仁慈、德行及威權分量表，或整個家長式領導三元模式的確認性因素分析，皆現出不錯的建構效度。最後，討論了本研究的結果及家長式領導的未來研究方向。

關鍵字

仁慈領導 ； 威權領導 ； 家長式領導 ； 德行領導 ； 確認性因素分析

並列摘要

Paternalistic leadership, an indigenous leadership style in Chinese societies, is characterized by revealing fatherly benevolence and authoritarianism with moral integrity in a ”personalistic” atmosphere. Using this definition, a triad model of paternalistic leadership was theoretically built and traced to Chinese cultural origins. However, up to the present, there is no quantitative empirical research in this domain. This study was designed to complement this defect. According to the three constituent elements of paternalistic leadership (PL), namely, authoritarianism, benevolence, and morality, we constructed the Paternalistic Leadership Scale (PLS) and employed confirmatory factor analysis to examine its factorial composition. Within the samples from business organizations and education institutions in Taiwan, this scale was shown to have adequate internal consistency and clear factorial structure. Moreover, the PLS correlated with several related measures in a predictable manner. We concluded with discussion of our research findings, limitations, and implications for future research on paternalistic leadership.

並列關鍵字

Paternalistic leadership ； authoritarian leadership ； benevolent leadership ； moral leadership ； confirmatory factor analysis

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