單重瓣連鎖遺傳在紫羅蘭育種上之應用

Application of Double Flowering Linkage to Improve Stock (Matthiola incana)

張元聰(Yuan-Tsung Chang) ； 王裕權(Yu-Cyuan Wang)

《植物種苗》 8卷4期 (2006/12) Pp. 1-15

https://doi.org/10.30077/SN.200612.0001

摘要

現代紫羅蘭品種最大的特點就是同一批種子播種後代會同時有單瓣（基因型Ss）和重瓣（基因型ss）的植株出現，原因是抑制花藥花瓣化的S基因與花粉致死基因(lethal, ℓ)緊密連鎖所致。其自交種子播種後一半為單瓣(Sℓ//s+)一半為重瓣(s+//s+)。由於只有重瓣株才較有切花觀賞價值，故如何辨識是育苗期的重要工作。藉由具有明顯外表性狀包括種皮顏色、葉色濃淡及波狀葉形和抑制重瓣及花粉致死基因連鎖的特性，可以輕易分辨出重瓣株。但染色體互換會使這些特性遺失。在進行育種工作將這些外表特性導入其它品種時，須以具有欲導入性狀的植株為花粉親，才能使後代擁有這些外表特徵來鑑識出重瓣植株。

關鍵字

紫羅蘭 ； 重瓣辨識 ； 連鎖遺傳

並列摘要

The main characters of modern stock (Matthiola incana) varieties can produce have double (genotype ss) and single (genotype Ss) flowers from the same sowing population. Single(S) flower gene linkage with pollen lethal (ℓ) gene result in half progeny with double (s+//s+) and half with single (Sℓ//s+) flowers. Double flower plants are more valuable for cut flowers, thus to distinguish double flower seedling at the early stage is the most important for selection. Double flower seedlings can be selected with seed coat colors, greenness of leaves and leaf morphology linkage with S and ℓ gene. Those characters, which are lost because of chromosome takes crossing over place. Pollen donors with required characteristics are needed for distinguishing double flower seedlings in later generations.

並列關鍵字

Matthiola incana ； double flowering distinguish ； linkage inheritance