課椅坐高對坐到站動作之下肢關節力矩與肌肉活化程度的影響

Effects of Chair Seat Heights on Joint Moment of Lower Extremity and Muscle Activation during Sit-To-Stand Movement

吳忠霖(Chung-Lin Wu) ； 翁梓林(Tzu-Lin Wong) ； 林羿君(Yi-Chun Lin)

《大專體育學刊》 14卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 109-117

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1401.012

摘要

本研究目的在探討四種不同課椅坐高（65% KH, 80% KH, 100% KH, 115% KH）對坐到站動作之下肢關節力矩及肌肉活化程度之影響，課椅坐高係以膝關節（knee joint）之相對高度為依據。以8名國小男童（年齡11.2 ± 0.6歲、身高136 ± 2.83公分、體重37.3 ± 5.54公斤）為受試者，分別進行坐到站動作。實驗利用一部高速攝影機Mega Speed 25K（100 Hz），結合二臺AMTI測力板（1,000 Hz）與Biovision肌電儀（1,000Hz）同步擷取坐到站動作之生物力學參數，並進行標準化處理。本研究結果：一、地面垂直分力峰值方面，65% KH組明顯大於100% KH 組與115% KH組。80% KH組明顯大於115% KH組（p < .05）；二、負荷率未達顯著差異（p > .05）；三、淨膝與髖關節肌肉力矩方面，65% KH組與80% KH組分別明顯比115% KH組增加（p < .05）；四、向前屈曲期，65% KH組之股直肌標準化平均肌電振幅明顯大於100% KH組與115% KH組（p < .05）。向上伸展期，65% KH組之股二頭肌標準化平均肌電振幅明顯比115% KH組增加（p < .05）。本研究結論發現80% KH以下課椅坐高執行坐到站動作時，下肢段各關節面承受較大地面垂直分力、膝及髖關節肌肉力矩。因此，建議應選擇100% KH課椅坐高；另一方面，65% KH課椅坐高對無下肢病史之學童執行坐到站動作有助於股直肌與股二頭肌之訓練，可加強活化刺激效果。

關鍵字

動力學逆過程 ； 人體肢段參數 ； 最大自主收縮

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of the relative difference in chair seat height (65% KH, 80% KH, 100% KH and 115% KH) according to knee joint height on joint moment of lower extremity and muscle activation during sit-to-stand movement. Eight elementary school students were voluntarily participated and required to stand in this study (age: 11.2 ± 0.6 years old, height: 136 ± 2.83 cm, weight: 37.3 ± 5.54 kg). In order to obtain the performances, high-speed camera (Mega Speed 25 k, 100 Hz) and two force plates (AMTI, 1,000 Hz) were used. Simultaneously EMG measurement system (Biovision, 1,000 Hz) was adopted to collect the data in this study. The results revealed as: 1. The peak value of vertical floor reaction force of the 65% KH group was significantly raised than that of 100% KH group and 115% KH groups. The value of 80% KH group showed significant raise than that of 115% KH group (p ＜ .05). 2. Load rate didn't reach the significant difference among four chair seat heights (p ＞ .05). 3. The values of both 65% KH and 80% KH groups were significantly raised than that of 115%KH group (p ＜ .05) in movement maxima of the hip and knee joints. 4. During the forward flexion phase, the value for 65% KH group was significantly greater compared to 100% KH and 115% KH groups (p ＜ .05) in muscle activation of the rectus femoris; During the extension phase, the value of 65% KH group was significantly greater than that of 115% KH group (p ＜ .05) in muscle activation of the biceps femoris. 5. The 100% KH chair seat height is recommended, because the 80% KH chair seat height would increase the peak floor reaction force, and the net torque of the knee and hip joints. On the other hand, 65% KH chair seat height is beneficial for exercising the rectus femoris and biceps femoris during STS movement for healthy elementary school students.

並列關鍵字

inverse dynamics ； body segment ； maximum voluntary contraction

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