中國的崛起與挑戰：世界體系理論視角的分析

China's Rise and Its Challenges: An Analysis by World System Theory

劉坤鱧(Kun-Li Liu)

《全球政治評論》 40期 (2012/10) Pp. 115-136

https://doi.org/10.29899/JRM.201210.0009

摘要

本改革開放後，中國以其優異的國家秉賦，迅速崛起成為世界第二大經濟體，其傲人的經濟成就，令世界市場不敢小覷；而日益強大的綜合國家實力，則令諸多核心國家視為威脅，中國史無前例的歷史性變革，已在各個層面影響了世界的局勢的發展，成為舉世矚目的焦點。本文從世界體系理論分析中國政府如何有計劃地透過政策性引導，讓中國從世界邊陲國家，迅速竄升至半邊陲國家，進而挑戰歐美國核心國家的現有位階。2008年歐美金融危機，亞洲新興經濟區塊成為下波帶動全球經濟復甦的火車頭，世界經濟重心逐步東移，預示著世界政經權力的轉移。這樣的情勢，給了中國發展的機遇，卻也令其如履薄冰，因為中國同時面臨著核心國家的圍堵、社會矛盾加劇等內外問題，如果未能在全球經濟衰退時妥善應付各種轉型期的失序，則其改革進程恐將因此逆轉，進而危及共產黨政權的正當性。

關鍵字

改革開放 ； 世界體系理論 ； 邊陲國家 ； 半邊陲國家 ； 核心國家

並列摘要

After the reform and opening up, China becomes the world's second-largest economic system rapidly because of its excellent national endowments. The impressive economic achievement makes the world market dare not overlooked; and the strong comprehensive national strength is deemed as a treat to core countries. The unprecedented historic reform in China has affected all dimensions of the development in the world and attracts worldwide attention. This article will be an analysis of how the Chinese government guides its country with planning policy to changes its world position from a periphery country to semi-periphery country, and thus challenges the existing order of core countries of Europe and the United States by the perspective of world- system theory.After the time of financial crisis caused by Europe and America in 2008, Asia becomes the engine to drive the global economic recovery. It indicates that the world economy center is gradually shifting to the East and the political and economic power in the world is transferring. China faces challenges and opportunities at the same time in this situation, the containment from the core countries and increasing social conflicts inside China have become its internal and external problems. If the leaders fail to cope with the disorder within global economic recessions, it will be a threat which means that the reform process could be reversed and thus jeopardizes the legitimacy of the Communist regime.

並列關鍵字

Reform and Opening Up ； World System Theory ； Periphery Countries ； Semi-Periphery Countries ； Core Countries