彭明敏與海外臺獨運動(1964-1972)-從外交部檔案看到的面向

Peng Ming-min and Overseas Taiwan Independence Movement (1964-1972)-A Perspective from the Foreign Ministry's Archives

陳儀深(Yi-Shen Chen)

《國史館學術集刊》 10期 (2006/12) Pp. 189-219

https://doi.org/10.7058/BAH.200612.0189

摘要

臺大教授彭明敏及其學生謝聰敏、魏廷朝，於1964年9月共同草擬、印製「臺灣自救運動宣言」，否定中國國民黨統治臺灣的合法性，傳單尚未散發即遭逮捕入獄。1965年4月警備總部軍事法庭判決謝聰敏有期徒刑10年，彭、魏各有期徒刑8年，惟在國際壓力之下，蔣介石於1965年11月將彭明敏特赦。然而彭明敏無法返回臺大教書，生活上不斷遭受特務監視，遂於1970年1月初逃抵瑞典，同年9月獲美國簽證，10月抵達密西根大學，開始其二十多年的流亡生活。
外交部有關彭明敏的專檔計有六冊，舉凡1964年政治案發生時來自美、加、歐洲的關切，海外臺灣人團體的救援行動並藉機宣傳；外交部駐外單位對彭明敏行蹤、言論的報告，意外留下了（當事人亦無法保存的）珍貴紀錄。彭明敏雖然沒有實際扮演「革命領袖」的角色，但是他到處演講，透過國際法、政治學、歷史分析闡述臺灣地位未定論及臺灣人民自決的主張，對海外臺獨運動自有相當程度的影響。

關鍵字

彭明敏 ； 蔣介石 ； 臺灣獨立聯盟 ； 臺灣地位未定論 ； 自決權

並列摘要

In the September 1964, Professor Peng Ming-min of National Taiwan University and his students Hsieh Tzung-min and Wei Ting-chao jointly drafted and printed a leaflet/handbill entitled ”A Manifesto/Declaration of Taiwan's Self-salvation Movement”, in an attempt to deny the legitimacy of the KMT rule in Taiwan. They were immediately caught and imprisoned before copies of the leaflet were released at large. In April 1965 the Martial Court of the Police Headquarters sentenced Hsieh to a ten-year imprisonment, while Prof. Peng and Wei respectively received an eight-year incarceration. But under international pressures, Chiang Kai-shek had to pardon Prof. Peng in November 1965. Despite he was deterred from returning to his post at the University, and faced with continuous surveillance by secret police, Prof. Peng nevertheless managed to flee the country, and reached Sweden in early January 1970. Not long afterward, he was given an American visa in September, and arrived at Michigan University in October, where he was to begin a life of exile for more than twenty years.
There are six volumes of special archives on Prof. Peng, covering the concerns from the United States, Canada and Europe on the 1964 political event, the saving maneuvers by overseas Taiwanese' organizations and their propaganda, reports of representatives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on Prof. Peng's whereabouts and words. All these have unexpectedly provided us with precious records (even to the subjects in the case). Though Prof. Peng had not actually played the role of a ”revolutionary leader”, his itinerant speeches expounding the theory of undetermined status of Taiwan and the right of self-determination of the people of Taiwan through analyses of international law, political science and history was admittedly to have a considerable impact on overseas Taiwan Independence Movement.

並列關鍵字

Peng Ming-min ； Chiang Kai-shek ； World United Formosans For Independence WUFI ； The theory of undetermined status of Taiwan ； right of self-determination

參考文獻

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