青少年自殺防治策略

Strategies of Prevention for Adolescent Suicide

紀櫻珍(Ying-Chen Chi)

《北市醫學雜誌》 5卷3期 (2008/06) Pp. 320-328

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.2008.5.3.03

摘要

依據行政院衛生署統計資料顯示，「自殺」位居15-24歲青少年族群十大死因之第二位。近年來校園學生自殺事件頻傳，且已逐漸呈現低齡化現象，青少年自殺率呈增加的趨勢，且在同儕之間具有感染作用。本文試圖針對青少年的自殺成因、自殺的徵兆及自殺的防治策略等議題逐一深入探討，期能讓社會大眾重視青少年自殺防治工作的重要性。文中亦從生態學的觀點依微觀系統、中間系統、外部系統及巨觀系統來解讀青少年自殺之相關因素。本文建議以正向的心理學健康議題討論來取代制式教導青少年自殺相關議題，包括（一）強化老師和其他學校工作人員的心理健康；（二）強化學生的自尊；（三）促進情感的表達；（四）避免學校暴力；（五）提供照護服務的相關訊息。「自殺防治，人人有責，全民參與」須由全民動員大家參與，強化自殺的流行病學調查。我們期許透過全方位的自殺防治公共衛生政策與積極的輔導介入，強化臺灣的青少年自殺防治工作，降低其自殺率。

關鍵字

青少年自殺 ； 自殺防治 ； 心理健康

並列摘要

The suicide mortality rate is the second place in ten leading cause of death among adolescents which is revealed from the reports by ministry of health in 2006. The campus suicide is more after to hear and younger tendency as well knows and somewhat of them were transmitted within their accompanies. To alert society and government to notice the important of adolescent suicide prevention, the understanding and exploring of the causes and manifestations and it's resolving strategies is mandatory. By ecological system theory, microsystem, mesosystem, esosystem, macrosystem to interpretate the correlation of adolescent suicide is conducted. Some recommendations from the concluding positive psychology approach to substitute the guiding education of adolescent suicide issue approach were made as following: (1)strengthen the psychological health status of school teachers; (2) strengthen the student’s self-dignity; (3) promote the expression of sympathy; (4)avoiding the campus violation; (3) provide the relative information of care services. Broadly the epidemiological survery and aggressive intervention is the main priorities of prevention for adolescent suicide in Taiwan

並列關鍵字

adolescent suicide ； suicide prevention ； mental health