張景岳〈醫易義〉論中醫受《易經》的影響及應用

中國儒家經典《易經》對中國醫學發展影響深遠，尤其是有關天地人合一的想法，使得中國醫學特別注重人體與外在環境的互動關係，而發展成為身心靈整體性的醫學。此外，許多中醫理論均含有《易經》思想，中國醫學可說是建構在《易經》思想基礎上，並將之發揚光大付諸於實務的成就。然中國醫學是如何將《易經》思想實踐於醫療行為呢？歷代有許多醫家談論，然以明代醫家張景岳所論最為詳盡。其所著《類經》說“醫實首於伏羲”、“羲之所以醫千萬世之病原也”，肯定《易經》對醫學之貢獻，另著《類經附翼》說明《易經》如何影響中國醫學，其中〈醫易義〉尤為透徹。張景岳認為中國醫學理論之奠基及運用無不出於《易經》，提出“醫易同原”、“醫易相通”論點，本文藉〈醫易義〉說明《易經》與人體臟腑的對應及因果關係，闡明《易經》對於中醫的影響及在治療上的應用。

關鍵字

張景岳；《類經附翼》；中國醫學

並列摘要

Chinese Confucianism classic I-Ching affects on Chinese medicine deeply, especially the unity thought of Heaven, Earth and human, so that Chinese Medicine emphasize the influence of environment for body, and make Chinese medicine combine with body and soul. The theory of Chinese medicine cantains, establishes on, and practices in treatment on I-Ching. Then, how does Chinese Medicine practice from I-Ching? Many doctors discussed it, but Zhang,Jing-Yue was the best. Nei-Ching-Fu-I he wrote explain clearly, especially ＂Yi-I-I＂. He affirmed the contribution of I-Ching for Chinese medicine. This article illustrates the correspondence between I-Ching and human body by ＂Yi-I-I＂, and the impact application of Chinese medicine by I-Ching.