試論《易》學影響下的傳統文藝觀

《周易》卦爻符號及卦爻辭象數義理內涵所引伸出的關於自然、社會的特定規律，衍伸出許多豐富多彩的觀念型態。從「原理」的高度觀之，「文」與「道」的關係，也就是「道」與「器」關係的另一種表現形式。《周易》所論之「道」，與其所論之「文」，是「形而上」與「形而下」的本體論與表現形式之關係，因而對中國古代藝術創作本原論中形上思維觀念之形成有著重要的啟迪作用，也讓兩千年來的傳統文藝觀，得到了經典理論的支持，使文藝與哲思得以相互輝映，交織出閃爍智慧之光的文藝理論。歷代學者正是把握《易》學與文藝之間的實質內涵與特殊規範，進而尋繹出《易》學與文藝二者所具有的內在聯繫。

關鍵字

周易；文藝觀；道；本體論；文學理論

並列摘要

A lot of abundant and colorful concept patterns derive from specific natural and social laws and rules which are developed from symbols of Eight Diagrams of ”Zhou Yi (The Book of Changes),” as well as diagram explanations, Xiang-shu, Yi-li (principles), and connotations. To view from ”principles,” the relationship between ”Wen (external literary grace)” and ”Tao (logic)” is another form of expression of the relationship between ”Tao (abstract)” and ”Qi (器)(concrete).” The relationship between the ontology of ”metaphysics” and ”physics,” and forms of expression exists in the ”Tao (logic)” and ”Wen (external literary grace)” being discussed by ”Zhou Yi (The Book of Changes);” hence, they had an important function of enlightenment on the formation of metaphysical thought of artistic creation origin occurrence theory in ancient China, enabled the traditional literature and art perspective of more than two thousand years to obtain the support of classic theory, and make literature/ art and philosophy reflect each other to intertwine literature and art theories with light of wisdom. What the scholars of all the past dynasties did was to grasp the substantial connotations and special standards between the theory of Yi (Change) and literature/ art, and search and deduce the internal connection between the theory of Yi (Change) and literature and art.