排球跳躍發球的運動生物力學機制

A Study of Biomechanics of Spike Serve

林國全(Guo-Chiuan Lin) ； 王敏憲(Min-Hsien Wang)

《文化體育學刊》 9輯 (2009/12) Pp. 56-65

https://doi.org/10.6634/JPSS-CCU.200912.09.06

摘要

排球運動是目前世界上最熱門的運動項目之一，隨著此參與人口的增加，人體的力學機制在運動中表現特徵逐漸的被人們所重視。而反覆的跳躍、著地、扭轉與扣球所產生的衝擊力，不斷的影響人體的各個關節與肢段。隨著比賽的強度上升，每次的得分機會都相對的重要。在正式比賽中，跳躍發球通常被用來當作第一次的攻擊。讓對方接發球的難度提升，使得對方無法構成有效的一波攻擊。基於這些因素，強而有力的跳躍發球是一位成功的優秀球員所應擁有的技術。運用生物力學的概念，將跳躍發球分為助跑期、跳躍期與空中動作期，這些都是都是構成有破壞性的跳躍發球的要素。除此之外，協調性和力量從下肢到上肢扣球末端傳遞也是構成跳躍發球力量的因素。許多專業訓練與生物力學分析都是為了增強跳躍發球的速度與力量，而這些都是目前教練與選手所應具備的知識，如此方能掌握現代高水準競技排球致勝的先機。

關鍵字

排球 ； 跳躍發球

並列摘要

Volleyball is one of the most popular sports in the world, and the increased volleyball player has prompted awareness of their musculoskeletal performance characteristics. When repetitious jumping, landing, during twisting, and spike, the impact forces occur at each segment of human body. With the raised intensity of competition, each chance of score is important. Spike Serve is often used to be the first offensive action in official games. It makes the opposing team's receiving more difficult, and reduces the successful probability of spike back. For these reasons, the powerful serve by spiking has become an important technique of elite volleyball players. From the concepts of biomechanics, the skills of running, jumping, stabilities after jumping, spike, and landing are also the key factors. Furthermore, the coordination and forces transmission from lower limbs to upper extremities will make the power of the spike serve. Many professional training and biomechanical analysis are used to improve the speed or skill of volleyball serve.

並列關鍵字

volleyball ； spike serve