Comparison of Short-term MUFA and PUFA-Rich Diets on Blood Lipid Levels in NG Tube-Fed Elderly Patients

短期高含量單元或多元不飽和脂肪酸飲食之介入對管灌老人脂質代謝的影響

趙佩君(Pei-Chun Chao) ； 顏啓華(Chi-Hua Yen) ； 黃建寧(Chien-Ning Huang) ； 王進崑(Chin-Kun Wang)

《台灣老年醫學雜誌》 2卷2期 (2006/11) Pp. 92-103

摘要

血脂的異常或代謝障礙，是心血管疾病重要的醫療照護指標，飲食中脂肪的攝取量與種類，則會影響脂質之代謝，其與心血管疾病有極大之關連。本研究以交叉試驗設計進行，在插鼻胃管餵食的老年人隨機分成兩組，分別給予短期二週的高含量之單元不飽和脂肪酸及多元不飽和脂肪酸飲食，共有10位志願者（4位男性和6位女性，平均年齡爲74±2.0，身體質量指數18.3±1.5 kg/平方公尺）參與本研究，每日個別接受1,800大卡熱量。本研究介入飲食的脂質含量占總熱量的43%；其中一組給予高含量多元不飽和脂肪酸，占脂質含量的52%；另一組給予高含量單元不飽和脂肪酸，占脂質含量的42%；之後再交叉供應。結果顯示，經二週的飲食介入後，其血漿中總膽固醇、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇、三酸甘油酯、高密度脂蛋白元A1及低密度脂蛋白元B等含量變化，無顯著性差異。顯示當給予相同熱量、相同脂肪攝取量時，高含量單元或高含量多元不飽和脂肪酸飲食的介入，對於管灌老人血脂的代謝並無顯著影響與差異。但是，在高含量單元不飽和脂肪酸的飲食介入組，血漿中有較低的總膽固醇、三酸甘油酯、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇、低密度脂蛋白元B和較高的高密度脂蛋白元A1濃度的趨勢；另外，在高含量多元不飽和脂肪酸的飲食介入組，則有較低的收縮壓和舒張壓之血壓值趨勢。

關鍵字

單元不飽和脂肪酸 ； 多元不飽和脂肪酸 ； 交叉試驗 ； 血脂質 ； 心血管疾病

並列摘要

Blood lipid disorder or dyslipidemia is a key component for the medical care of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Dietary lipids on the risk of CVD have traditionally been revealed by their effects on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). This is a cross-over study to evaluate the effects on the blood lipids of nasogastric tube-fed elderly patients of a two-week administration of dietary lipids with either polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) or monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Ten elderly patients (4 men and 6 women, mean age 74.0±2.0, body mass index 18.3±1.5 kg/m^2) were involved in this study and supplemented with 1,800 kcal diet of 45% carbohydrates, 12% protein and 43% lipids every day. The diet supply contained 43% energy of fats, with either rich PUFA (52% of Fat) or MUFA (42% of Fat). The two diets reported similar effects on patients in terms of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A-1 and B levels. This study found that isocaloric diets rich in MUFA or PUFA made no difference on cardiovascular risk factors for NG-fed elderly patients in the two-week duration. However, as compared to their counterparts treated with PUFA rich diet, subjects of MUFA rich diet reported lower TC, LDL-C, TG, and apolipoprotein B levels and a higher apolipoprotein A-1 level on blood lipids. In addition, subjects of PUFA rich diet showed lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

並列關鍵字

MUFA ； PUFA ； blood lipid ； CVD ； cross-over study