不同項目選手在跳遠踏板起跳腳運動手物力學分析

The Different Event's Player in Take-Off Leg of Long Jump Analysis of Biomechanics in Sports

高崇壽(Chung-Shou Kao) ； 黃長福(Chen-Fu Huang)

《運動教練科學》 8期 (2007/07) Pp. 57-65

https://doi.org/10.6194/SCS.2007.08.07

摘要

目的：探討優秀跳遠選手(n=7)與短跑選手(n=8)踏板起跳時，在執行跳遠之運動力學特徵。方法：一台Redlake 高速攝影機(125 Hz)拍攝踏板起跳動作與一塊Kistler測力板(1250 Hz)同步、另一台SONY 數位攝影機(60 Hz)拍攝助跑最後兩步動作，以Kwon 3D影像分析軟體處理並以Butterworth 4(superscript th)-order Zero Lag Digital 程式(cutoff frequency: 6 Hz)進行修勻。結果：優秀跳遠選手在跳遠成績、起跳瞬間重心垂直速度、起跳角度顯著大於短跑選手。而最後第二步最大重心水平速度、踏板瞬間重心水平速度、起跳瞬間重心垂直速度、起跳瞬間重心合速度、起跳角度、水平總衝量、水平制動衝量、水平推蹬衝量、垂直總衝量與跳遠成績呈正相關。支撐時間、最大垂直力量值所產生時間、推蹬時間與跳遠成績呈負相關。結論：在相同助跑速度之下，跳遠選手在跳遠成績優於短跑選手，在於跳遠選手有較佳的起跳瞬間重心垂直速度和起跳角度、較短支撐時間和推蹬時間。

關鍵字

跳遠 ； 起跳階段 ； 起跳腳

並列摘要

Purpose: To discuss the characteristic of the take-off phase in kinematics and kinetics when the elite long jumper (n=7) and the sprinter (n=8). Method: With a Redlake high-speed camera (125 Hz), a SONY digital camera (60 Hz), a synchronal Kistler force platform (1250 Hz). A Kwon 3D software used to analyze image and the Butter worth 4(superscript th)-order Zero Lag Digital formula (cutoff frequency: 6 Hz) used to smooth. Result: The elite long jumper is better than the sprinter in long jump grades, vertical V(subscript CM) of take-off and take-off angle. In Statistics, horizontal V(subscript CM) of the last second stride, horizontal V(subscript CM) of pedal, vertical V(subscript CM) of take-off, V(subscript R) of take-off, the horizontal impulse, brake of the horizontal impulse, propel of the horizontal impulse and the vertical impulse positively correlate with long jump grades. Support time, time produced by the highest vertical force and time of propel negatively correlate with long jump grades. Conclusion: At the same run-up velocity, Due to the long jumper got better vertical V(subscript CM) of take-off, take- off angle, shorter support time and time of propel , the long jumper is better than the sprinter in long jump grades.

並列關鍵字

Long Jump ； take-off phase ； take-off leg

參考文獻

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