增強式跳躍訓練對大專羽球運動員專項體能的影響

The Effect of Plyometric Jumping Training on the Specific Physical Fitness in College Badminton Players

涂國誠(Kuo-Cheng Tu)

《運動教練科學》 30期 (2013/06) Pp. 1-13

https://doi.org/10.6194/SCS.2013.30.01

摘要

目的：以羽球比賽體能需求的特徵，設計出為期10週的專項增強式跳躍訓練，探討此訓練法對大專羽球運動員速度、爆發力、下肢等速肌力、羽球步法等專項體能發展的影響。方法：以14位大專羽球選手為受試對象，依實驗設計分為實驗組（8名）與控制組（6名）。受試者在訓練前後分別測驗垂直跳、立定跳遠、30公尺衝刺跑、40公尺折返跑、膝關節60 °/sec伸展與屈曲的等速肌力及羽球場6點步法跑的表現。控制組實驗期間僅接受羽球專項練習，實驗組在羽球專項練習前另接受10週每週2次的專項增強式跳躍訓練。以相依樣本t檢定分析各組訓練前後的體能差異；另以混合設計二因子變異數分析，考驗實驗組與控制組前後測在各體能測驗項目是否有顯著的交互作用，若有交互作用，則進一步進行單純主要效果檢驗，本研究顯著差異水準定為α = .05。結果：實驗組在訓練前後，各體能項目的成績皆有顯著進步；而控制組在衝刺跑、敏捷跑及膝關節伸展肌力上也達顯著的差異。另外，兩組間訓練後體能有顯著差異的包含羽球步法及膝關節伸展肌力。結論：10週的增強式跳躍訓練，確實能提升大專羽球運動員專項的爆發力、下肢等速肌力及羽球步法的體能發展，此項羽球訓練法提供了科學實驗和理論的依據，各級教練可參考適時的運用於訓練計畫中。

關鍵字

羽球 ； 增強式跳躍訓練 ； 羽球步法

並列摘要

Purpose: To probe into the effect of plyometric jumping training on badminton special’s physical characteristics such as speed, explosive force, lower limbs isokinetic strength, and badminton footwork by designing a ten-week special plyometric jumping training which featured the physical demand for the badminton players in college. Method: The subjects of this research was 14 college badminton players, who were divided into two groups: The experiment group (8 subjects) and the control group (6 subjects). The performance tests of vertical jumping, standing jump, 30-m sprint run, 40-m shuttle run, isokinetic strength of 60 °/sec knee extension and flexion, and 6-point footwork run were taken by the subjects before and after the training. In addition to the training of badminton special, which was taken by both the control group and the experiment group, the experiment group also took a ten-week special’s plyometric jumping training before the training of badminton special twice a week. The difference of physical endurance between before and after training was analyzed by the paired-sample t test. The mixed design two-way ANOVA was used to measure if there was any significant interaction of the experiment and control groups before and after the training. The key effect examine was checked when a significant interaction was observed. The significant difference level of this study was α = .05. Result: There was significant difference in the physical endurance for both groups between before and after training. There was significant difference in the sprint run, isokinetic strength, and 6-point footwork run for the control group between before and after training. There was a significant physical improving in badminton footwork and knee extension for both groups. Colusions: The ten-week plyometric jumping training could actually improve the development of badminton special’s physical characteristics such as speed, explosive force, lower limbs isokinetic strength, and badminton footwork for players in college. It provides the evidence of science experiment and theory that the plyometric jumping training can be used in the training plan by the coaches at all levels.

並列關鍵字

Badminton ； plyometric jumping training ； badminton footwork

參考文獻

楊明達、黃合庸、詹貴惠、盛世慧(2011)。組合增強式訓練對籃球選手下肢肌力與爆發力的影響。大專體育學刊。13(4)，427-435。

洪欣正、張家銘(2006)。羽球專項步法爆發力測量模式驗證性分析。大專體育學刊。8(2)，95-105。

盧正崇、呂芳陽(2006)。2006年羽球落地計分變革解析。大專體育。83，19-23。

蕭智君、林貴福(2012)。羽球專項體能測驗之探討。中華體育季刊。26(3)，379-404。

邱憲祥、呂芳陽、陳秋梅(2003)。羽球運動的能量代謝特點及體能訓練方法分析。中華體育季刊。17(4)，57-65。