台中縣社區榮民老人社會支持與生活滿意度之探討

The Study of the Social Support and the Life Satisfaction on the Elderly Veterans in Taichung County

林淑敏(Shu-Ming Lin) ； 李宗派(Isaiah C. Lee)

《臺灣老人保健學刊》 1卷1期 (2005/07) Pp. 72-87

摘要

人口老化是現今全世界先進國家都共同面臨的問題之一，台灣自從民國82年邁入聯合國之「高齡化社會」門檻後，由於國民平均壽命的延長與生育率逐年下降，導致老年依賴人口也逐年攀升，因而喚醒國人對老化問題的重視。而其中在榮民老人照顧方面，許多先進國家在福利或研究上，皆有相關之研究與探討，相對下國內在榮民老人之相關研究上卻較之匱乏，因此本研究旨在探討榮民老人之社會支持與生活滿意度現況與其影響因素。本研究樣本來源取自台中縣之21個行政區域之97位榮民老人。本研究之主要發現為：(1)在社會支持行為方面，榮民老人以情感性支持得分最高，其次為訊息性支持、贊同性支持、工具性支持。(2)在社會支持網絡來源方面，榮民老人以配偶支持網絡得分最高，其次為子女網絡、朋友網絡、親戚網絡、鄰居網絡、醫護人員網絡。(3)在生活滿意度方面，榮民老人以目標達成層面得分最高，其次為情緒狀態層面、生活感受層面、與自我概念層面。(4)影響榮民老人整體生活滿意度的因素包括與照顧者的關係以及健康狀況等。根據研究結果，可幫助了解社區榮民老人社會支持與生活滿意度的現況，做為榮民老人相關研究與社區福利政策之依據與參考。

關鍵字

生活滿意度 ； 老人 ； 社會支持體系 ； 榮民

並列摘要

Most of the developed countries are facing the same problem of aging population. Taiwan has been an elderly society defined by United Nations since 1993. Furthermore, lengthening the lifespan and declining the birth rate cause the increasing ratio of elderly population. Therefore, we should pay much attention to the problem of aging population. There are a lot of literatures in advanced countries discussing the elderly veterans care. However, only few researchers focus on this issue in Taiwan. Hence, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the social support and life satisfaction on elderly veterans. The research sample includes 97 elderly veterans who come from 22 communities in Taichung County. The main findings are: (1) In social support, the elderly veterans receive the highest rating with emotion support, secondly for information support, agreeing to support, instrument support. (2) In the network of social support, the elderly veterans receive the highest rating from the spouse, secondly it is from children, friend's network, relative's network, neighbour's network, medical personnel's network. (3) In life satisfaction, the elderly veterans receive the highest rating with the goal, secondly for mood state, life impression, and self- concept. (4) The factors influencing whole life satisfaction of the elderly veterans include the relation with carers and the health status. The results show the present situation on the social support and life satisfaction on elderly veterans. It can act as a basis and reference for the elderly veterans related research, welfare policies, and community services.

並列關鍵字

Life satisfaction ； elderly ； social support ； veterans