和語動詞連用形の接尾辞化現象－「～まみれ」を例として

本文利用複數的語料庫，探討了和語動詞「mamireru」之連用形「mamire」當作接尾詞來使用的語言現象。特別是透過『yomidas 歷史館』所蒐集的「～ mamire」用例分析後，釐清了其使用頻率逐漸增加的事實；再將其與「～ darake」比較分析後，得知「～ mamire」與「～ darake」乃處於相互競爭的關係，兩者用法有相似之處但也各自擁有不同的前接詞。另外，「～ mamire」因其原本動詞之動作性影響了「～ mamire」的語意，可將「～ mamire」的語意還原為「～ ni mamireru/～ nimamireteiru」。而「～ darake」的結構是「名詞＋接尾詞（darake）」所形成的複合語，並沒有「～ mamire」的動作性，僅止於表現出「某某地點上存在著許多的某某東西」這種靜態現象的描述。「～ mamire」則是動態性的描述「某某人在某地點附著了許多東西」，甚至擴展為「比喻的用法」「誇大的用法」，因此用法也更多樣化了。所以產生接尾詞化的「～ mamire」除了與相似詞「～ darake」之間，各自分工其語意及用法外，也逐漸出現增強的傾向。

關鍵字

動詞連用形；接尾詞化； yomidas歷史館；語言之消長；語意之變化

並列摘要

This paper studies the phenomenon of the mamire rennyoukei of Japanese verb mamireru used as suffixation, especially by studying the usage examples of 「~ mamire 」collected by Yomidas Rekishikan （Yomidas History Museum） to clarify the fact of its increasing usage. And after the analysis of「~ darake」, we learn that「~ mamire」and 「~ darake」are in a competing relationship; they have some similari ties but they have different prepositions. Furthermore, because the action quality of its original verb influences the meaning of 「~ mamire」, we can trace back its meaning to「~ ni mamireru／~ ni mamireteiru」. On the other hand, the structure of 「~ darake」is a compound word composed of 「Noun + Suffixation(darake) 」without the action quality of 「~mamire」 and only shows the static phenomenon that there are many something at a certain place. 「~ mamire」is dynamic description that there are many something at a certain place on someone, even expanding to simile which becomes more various. The suffixation of 「~ mamire」and similar usage 「~ darake」 keep working in different ways on their meaning and usage . This tendency keeps going stronger.