水稻品種間二化螟蟲為害之感受性差異比較觀察

Studies on the Susceptiblility of Rice Cultivars to Rice Stem Borer

劉達修(T. S. Liu) ； 王玉沙(Y. S. Wang) ； 曾阿貴(A. K. Tzeng)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 30期 (1991/03) Pp. 15-22

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199103.0015

摘要

1988年至1991年一期作連續三年半，種植早植稻與晚植稻使螟蟲為害較普植稻嚴重，藉以比較不同水稻品種間被螟蟲為害之差異。為害早植稻之螟蟲以二化螟為主，晚植稻則二化螟與大螟混合發生。從數種不同組合之品種或品系水稻被害率調查結果，顯示品種間之抗螟性有極大差異。國內已推廣栽培之水稻品種中，台中秈10號之抗螟性最弱，次為台中秈糯1號。而高雄53號、台農3號亦屬感蟲品種；而目前栽培面積最廣之台農67號、台農70號、新竹64號及台中190號、台中189號等品種，其抗螟性皆較強，其中尤以台中190號最具抗螟性。在分析品種間對螟蟲抗性程度，發現抗感性和水稻莖厚及莖寬之關係成正相關（r=0.6102、r=0.5999、r=0.9297），也與抽穗後第一節及第二節之莖徑成正相關，（r=0.6102、r=0.6094）。即稻莖較寬較粗之品種，因維管組織較鬆疏故被害常較嚴重。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 品種 ； 二化螟蟲 ； 感受性

並列摘要

Form 1988 to the first crop of 1991, early-planting and late planting rice cultivars were planted continuously for three and half years to induce heavier stem borer infestation in and attempt to determine if there was any difference in susceptibility among rice cultivars to this insect pest. Early-planting rice was mainly injured by rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis.while the late-planting cultivars were infested by both rice stem borer and Sesamia inferens. Asurvey of injury of different planting combinations revealed great differences among rice cultivars or lines in their resistance to stem borers. Among cultivars widely planted in Taiwan, Taichung 10 was the most susceptible, followed by Taichung 1 (glutinous rice), to stem borer as shown by percentage of dead heart or white head of the rice plants. Bothbelong to japonica type. Kashiung 53 and Tainung3 were also susceptible to stem borer wile some foreign cultivars used as references were even less resistant to stem borer. Rice cultivars most widely planted, i. E., Tainung 67, Tainung 70, Hsinchu 64, Taichung 190 and Taichung 189, all were resistant to stem borer with Taichung 190 the most resistant. Stem borer resistance was positively correlated with the thickness and width of rice stem (r=0.5999, r=0.9294) as well as the diameter of the stem above the first node and between the first and second nodes after tillering (r=0.6102, r=0.6094). It appears that rice cultivars with wider stems and loose vascular bundles are more easily damaged by stem borers. This may have some significance in rice breeding for insect resistance. Planting rice cultivars resistant to stem borers in areas where this insect tends to occur heavily may help reduce or even totally eliminate insecticide applications.

並列關鍵字

rece ； cultivar ； rice stem borer ； susceptibility