有機農業產品產銷之探討

Marketing of Organically Grown Agricultural Products

謝順景(Sung-Ching Hsieh)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 16號 (1989/06) Pp. 251-268

https://doi.org/10.29563/ZHWHGX.198906.0004

摘要

本文對歐美及日本有機農產品之生產及銷售情形之最新資料加以分析、探討，供為將來在台灣實施有機農業時，產品價格評估之參考。為保證消費者之權益，在美國各州立有適於各該州之有機食品法及民間團體所訂有機食品檢驗標準以確保有機農產品之可靠性。美國「俄亥俄州生物食物農場協會（O.E.F.F.A.）」之功能及活動情形在本文中曾加介紹：根據Franco氏報告（1988），1987年加州有機農產品之總產值至少有5,400~6,900萬美元，而且此值一直在增加中。在1987年有機農產品之產值增加了41%。到1992年時有機農產品之總售價預測可增加至3億美元左右。有機農產品之價格比以慣行法所生產者之價格高出很多。根據Geier與Vogtmann（1984）在德國所進行之研究，有機農產品之價格因生產方式之不同而與慣行農法（conventional），動態生物法（bio-dynamic）及有機生物法（organic-biological），有很大的差異，消費者若直接向農民購買有機農產品時，家庭之總開支就會增加30%。日本的情形亦略同。本文對有機農產品銷售之管道、方法及銷售之展望作一分析檢討。

並列摘要

This paper is to evaluate the present status of production and makreting of organic foods in the United States, West Germany and Japan. In order to protect the consumers to obtain the real organic foods, several States implemented the law governing the production and labeling of organic foods. The function and activities of Ohio Ecological Foods and Farm Association (O. E. F. F. A.) are introduced in this paper. According to Franco (1988), the marketed value of organically grown produce in California was estimated to be at least 54 to 68 million dollars at wholesale price in 1987. This market is rapidly growing. A 41% increase in the value of organically grown product was measured for 1987. The wholesale value of the market could exceed $300 million by 1992. Prices for organically grown product are significantly higher than those of conventional product. According to the studies made in West Germany by Geier and Vogtmann (1984), the price of biologcal products varied considerably from the different farming system of conventional, bio-dynamic and organicbiological. The consummer of biological products purchased directly from the farmers should spend 30% more money in total family expenditure. The status of production and marketing of organic foods in Japan was also discussed.