支道林生平事蹟考

東晉高僧支道林在士族上流社會的出色活動，對中國文化思潮由玄學向佛教的轉變，起了極為重要的作用。筆者搜集並整理了有關支氏全部生平事蹟資料，將它們有機地融鑄於本文如下結構中︰以支道林先後所居寺院為中心，將其一生劃歸為以下六個時期︰(1)從吳縣餘杭山到建康白馬寺；(2)吳縣支山寺；(3)山陰縣靈嘉寺；(4)剡縣沃州山禪院與石城山棲光寺；(5)建康東安寺；(6)石城山棲光寺逝世。對每一時期中發生的各個事件，按時間順序排列並逐一考辨。時間、地點無法確定的事蹟，亦附於大致時期內同類事件後，以免遺漏，便於參考。對每一事件的研究，一般分資料【出處】與作者【考證】兩部分，個別難點，設【存疑】。以慧皎《高僧傳．支道林傳》、《世說新語》之記載為主線索，廣泛運用其它各種史傳、類書、經錄、詩賦、輯佚等文獻資料，對事件的時間、地點、人物、過程進行綜合分析，僅限於史實，不作思想史研究。尤其是運用了自南朝以來唐宋明清的各種歷史地理資料，對與支道林活動有關的寺院及其它遺跡的歷代變遷，進行了較為詳細的梳理。

關鍵字

支道林；佛教；玄學；東晉

並列摘要

The activities of eminent monk Zhi Daoling in the elite society of scholars of the East Jin Dynasty played a very important role in the transition of Chinese cultural ideological current from that of metaphysics to that of Buddhism. The author has collected and studied materials about Zhi's entire life and arranged them in this article, structured as follows. Centered around the temples where Zhi Daoling lived, his life is divided into 6 periods: 1. from Yuhang Mountain of Wu County to Baima Temple of Jiankang; 2. Zhishan Temple of Wu County, 3. Lingjia Temple of Shanyin County, 4. Wozhoushan Temple and Qiguang Temple of Shichengshan, Tan County, 5. Dongan Temple of Jiankang; 6. Qiguang Temple of Shichengshan, where he died. All the occurrences of every period are chronologically listed and scrutinized. Those of indefinite time and whereabouts are attached to similar events of the time as closely as possible, to avoid omission and to facilitate reference. For every event, the study is conducted in two aspects in general: one is materials [sources], the other is author [textural criticism]. For a few difficult points, there is a section of [doubts]. Sources come mainly from Huijiao's Lives of Eminent Monks - Life of Zhi Daoling and Shishuoxinyu, complemented widely with materials from various histories and biographies, subject-centered collections, classics, poems, anecdotes, and so on. The time, locale, characters and course are synthetically analyzed. This Study limits itself within historical facts, without dabbling ideological history. In particular, it utilizes various materials of the Tang, Song, Ming and Qing dynasties of historical geography since the South Dynasty to describe in considerate details the historical changes of the temples and other relics respecting Zhi Daoling's activities.