「附隨組織」之解釋與適用初探－黨國體制與轉型正義

A Preliminary Study of Interpretation and Application of the Affiliate Organizations -Party State System and Transitional Justice

吳明孝(Ming-Haw, Wu)

《黨產研究》 1期 (2017/08) Pp. 83-101

摘要

本文主要對於「政黨及其附隨組織不當取得財產處理條例」中關於「附隨組織」與相關法律規定，嘗試進行法律釋義學的建構與解釋。由於「轉型正義」乃是對於歷史事實進行法律上的評價，因此必然是溯及既往的，但對於歷史事實的認識，亦構成當下對於「法律」的理解與解釋。因此本文認為「政黨及其附隨組織不當取得財產處理條例」係由立法者確立對於中華民國七十六年七月十五日（台灣地區戒嚴令解除日）前所成立之政黨與其附隨組織，其並於中華民國三十四年八月十五日（大日本帝國宣布無條件投降日）起取得至前揭處理條例公布日時尚存在之現有財產，進行是否為「不當取得財產」之法律評價，故前揭處理條例之解釋必須奠基於上述時空下所曾經存在的「黨國體制」（party-state system）進行認識與分析－統治集團如何藉由政黨與附隨組織進行政府的控制與社會領域的滲透，並濫用統治權力的獨占性，以違反實質法治國原則方式取得財產，而不能囿於形式上概念法學之解釋。

關鍵字

轉型正義 ； 附隨組織 ； 黨國體制 ； 不當取得財產

並列摘要

This article explores the concept of Affiliate Organization in the Act governing the Settlement of Ill-gotten Properties by Political Parties and Their Affiliate Organizations (Hereinafter ＂the Act＂). The interpretation of Affiliate Organization is examined based on dogmatic arguments. Because the ＂transitional justice＂ is a legal argument on historical fact, therefore, it must base on the doctrine of retroactivity. But at the same time, the understanding of historical fact also converts into the understanding and interpretation of the Act. The author thinks ＂the Act＂ is the rule that established by the legislators allowing the government to make dogmatic arguments concerning the parties and their affiliate organizations that are established before July 15th, 1987(The lifting of martial law in Taiwan), for their properties which obtained from August 15th, 1945(The surrender of Imperial Japan) until the act promulgated, are ill-gotten properties or not. Hence, the interpretation of the Act should base on the understanding and analysis of party-state system once existed in Taiwan, that is, how the ruling group controlled or permeated the government and society by relying on the political party and its affiliate organization, also, to misapply the political power to obtain the properties by violating the substantive rule of law principle. The interpretation of the Act shouldn't be bounded by the interpretation of the form of the concept of law.

並列關鍵字

Transitional Justice ； Affiliate Organizations ； Party-State System ； Ill-Gotten Properties