論投資型保險保險人義務之建構

A Study On The Duty Of Insurer In Unit-Linked Insurance

李奕逸(Yi-Yi Lee)

指導教授 ： 汪信君

國立臺灣大學/法律學院/法律學研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.00328

摘要

投資型保險在我國上市時間雖短，然而挾帶各種面向有利因素，造就一陣熱賣風潮。直至今日，投資型保險契約在我國所影響之消費族群已經具有相當規模，更埋下了探討投資型保險相關法律議題之實益與重要性。
本論文立足於金融商品之相似性，將探討重點置於投資型保險分離帳戶與信託之相似性。關於信託或者信賴關係之應用與規範，素有許多研究資料與外國法例可供參考，因此本文首先基於假設進行研究—假設投資型保險與信託具有相似性、甚至其本身即為信託之一種型態，若能確認投資型保險與信託確實具有相似性、並進一步確認兩者之相似性界限何在時，則有可能引用目前已經形成的諸多信託規範或學理上信賴關係相關概念重新檢視目前國內投資型保險規範。
就細部而言，本論文將使用上開信託模型檢視二具體議題：其一為信賴關係中的經典難題—利益衝突與關係人交易之控制，此一議題在國內關於金融交易規範中之討論中並非少見，甚至在現有條文中亦設有各種管制模式。雖然在投資型保險之條文化規範或相關法律論述中均尚未涉及此一議題，然而本文既擬以信託為基礎檢視投資型保險，自將嘗試釐清在面對投資型保險時，法律規範如何應對在投資型保險中隱含的信賴關係利益衝突難題。
其二則是以保險人追償義務為中心，討論投資型保險之契約內容詮釋。契約解釋與契約漏洞之補充原自成一套法學方法，其中適用或類推適用具有相似性之契約之任意規定乃是常使用的方法之一。延續前文中已完成針對投資型保險與信託的相似性比對，得借用其結論研續探討信託之任意規定對於投資型保險之契約解釋或漏洞填補有何啟示，進一步確認保險人追償義務究竟應否存在。

關鍵字

投資型保險 ； 信託 ； 信賴關係 ； 關係人交易 ； 追償義務

並列摘要

The investment-linked insurance has a short history in Taiwan. However, with all the promoting and contemporary market advantages, even such a short history can bring a huge boom. In fact, there has been a big wave of consumers involved or affected by investment-linked policies nowadays in Taiwan. As a result, the importance of researching on legal issues of the investment-linked insurance has also arisen.
This thesis is based on the similarity of financial products, especially focused on the similarity between “trust” and “the separate account of the investment-linked insurance”. There have been a lot of researches, even codified statutes processing on “trust” or “fiduciary relationship within a trust”. Before referring to those literatures, this thesis makes one hypothesis that assumes there is plenty of similarity between trust and investment-linked insurance to sustain the legitimacy of referring the regulation upon trust to separate account. While this hypothesis has been proven to stand, and the boundary of similarity has been clarified, the literatures processing trust and fiduciary can then be referred to investment-linked insurance.
In detail, this thesis applies the abovementioned model to two concrete issues. One is a classic dilemma in fiduciary—the conflict of interest, or the control over affiliated transactions. This issue is quite common within the field of financial regulating—even several domestic statutes has been assessing at this issue. Though, in the case of investment-linked insurance, this issue has hardly been noticed. In this thesis, under the similarity model, discussion on the control over conflict of interest will be applied to investment-linked insurance, attempting to clarify how the conflict of interest happens and how shall the law respond to this issue within investment-linked insurance.
The second concrete issue is the interpretation of investment-linked contract, focusing on the duty of the insurer to subrogate. There has been a complete methodology of contract interpretation, within which, applying default rules of similar contracts to fill up the blank of contract has always been one of the commonest method. With the similarity check earlier in this thesis, the conclusion is very useful in this section to continue interpreting, or filling up the blank in investment-linked contract. This section will further apply the default rules in trust to figure out whether there should be a duty of the insurer to subrogate.

並列關鍵字

investment-linked insurance ； trust ； fiduciary ； affiliated transaction ； duty to subrogate

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