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  • 學位論文

鈮與鑭掺雜物對無鉛鐵電陶瓷(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-BaTiO3-(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3鐵電性與介電性之影響

Effects of niobium and lanthanum additives on the ferroelectric and dielectric properties of (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-BaTiO3-(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 lead-free ferroelectric ceramics

指導教授 : 謝宗霖

摘要


針對無鉛鐵電陶瓷 0.854(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.026BaTiO3-0.12(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3,本論文藉不同掺雜比例的Nb2O5 與 La2O3 兩系統,探討添加物對於鐵電性質的影響。選擇的掺雜含量為 0.1wt%、0.25 wt%、0.5 wt%、0.75 wt%、1.0 wt%、1.5 wt%、2.0 wt%。 在不同添加比例的Nb2O5 或 La2O3,進行電滯曲線的量測中,可以得到兩個趨勢。其一為,室溫下量測的電滯曲線,隨掺雜量上升,電滯曲線會縮小。其二為,當不同溫度量測電滯曲線時,溫度上升,電滯曲線會縮小。並且於不同掺雜組成時,隨溫度提升所量測的電滯曲線皆會更為縮小。電滯曲線圖形在縮小的過程中可分為四種階段:依序為由最大的常態型電滯曲線轉變為過渡型電滯曲線,再轉變成具有反鐵電表現的雙迴圈電滯曲線,最後為高溫或高掺雜的slim loop。添加不同掺雜物與改變溫度,對鐵電表現的影響為macro-micro domain機制所影響。低溫(~零下60℃)量測,更進一步的印證溫度與掺雜產生的缺陷,兩者交互影響鐵電域的穩定,而有鐵電性的差異。 研究上,藉由XRD分析掺雜含量的結晶結構與XRD擬合軟體定性地判定兩相比例上的變化;視熱差分析儀與變溫X光繞射圖譜,可知不同溫度下鐵電性的改變是否來自結晶結構;SEM可觀察顯微結構的晶狀體大小,是否限制鐵電域而影響鐵電性。上述的實驗結果顯示macro-micro domain機制為最為可能影響此無鉛系統鐵電性表現之差異。 實驗結果可以得知,無鉛鐵電去極化的發生即是來自鐵電域的改變。對於去極化溫度的量測,掺雜Nb2O5 與 La2O3皆會使去極化溫度下降,不論是變溫下量測電滯曲線或是溫度對介電損失的判定皆得到去極化溫度會隨掺雜量增加而下降的結果。 由電致應變的實驗中,電致應變曲線的應變量會隨Nb2O5的添加量增加而先增加,至0.75 wt% Nb2O5時達到最大的應變量為0.2%;當掺雜量再提升,應變量則會有明顯的下降,且電致應變曲線的型態轉變為可回復型態。此表現為當適量掺雜時所造成之缺陷,會幫助電鐵域非180°的旋轉;而過量的缺陷則會造成鐵電域穩定性的破壞。 綜合以上實驗結果,無鉛鐵電材料具有relaxor特性之複合陽離子鈣鈦礦結構,掺雜的缺陷與溫度影響長程序化程度,導致鐵電域穩定性的改變造成不同型態的鐵電表現,溫度與掺雜物造成之缺陷即為兩個重要的影響因素;另一方面,也得知此類掺雜物在合適的添加量下能使電致應變表現大幅度提升,於無鉛致動器的應用具有相當的潛力。 燒結溫度的提升,有助於鐵電域的穩定;燒結時間對於鐵電性的影響較為不明顯;燒結後再予以低溫長時效熱處理,矯頑電場無明顯之改變,而殘餘極化量提升30 %以上,為具有期待之無鉛鐵電材料。

並列摘要


The ferroelectric and dielectric properties of lead free ferroelectric ceramic 0.854(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.026BaTiO3-0.12(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 (abbreviated as BNBK 85.4/2.6/12) doped with niobium (Nb) or lanthanum (La) are investigated in this study. The chosen doping amounts are: 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 wt%. For ferroelectric properties, polarization switching is promoted with 0.1 wt% of doping (either Nb or La), and consequently, the shape of the hysteresis loop becomes more rectangular. However, as the doping amount or measuring temperature is further increased, the values of remnant polarization and coercive field decrease simultaneously, and the measured hysteresis curve transforms from a major loop into a double-loop and then eventually into a slim loop. For different doping amounts and measuring temperatures, macro-micro domain switching (i.e., proportions of order and disorder regions) is believed to be the mechanism which governs the ferroelectric behaviors of BNBK 85.4/2.6/12. The depolarization temperature of BNBK 85.4/2.6/12 is decreased by either Nb or La doping. The measured strain hysteresis data show that 0.75 wt% Nb-doped BNBK 85.4/2.6/12 ceramic exhibits an electrostrain of about 0.2% and an apparent d33 of 472 pC/N. It is potentially a candidate material for lead-free actuator applications.

並列關鍵字

Lead-free Ferroelectrics Nb doping La doping Relaxor Heat treatment

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


沈昌逸(2011)。燒結條件對無鉛鐵電陶瓷(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-BaTiO3-(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3鐵電性質與相轉變溫度之影響〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.01315

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