選擇性雷射凝膠法快速原型技術之研究

Study of Selective Laser Gelling for Rapid Prototyping Technology

劉福興(Fwu-Hsing Liu)

指導教授 ： 廖運炫

國立臺灣大學/工學院/機械工程學研究所/博士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.02286

摘要

摘要
論文名稱：選擇性雷射凝膠法快速原型技術之研究

研究生：劉福興 指導教授：廖運炫 博士
關鍵詞：快速原型、雷射凝膠、陶瓷、金屬-陶瓷複合材料
本研究配合『陶瓷雷射凝膠法製程』與『金屬-陶瓷複合材料製程』快速原型技術，分別採用二氧化碳與Nd:YAG雷射，製作出兩套快速原型機系統，此系統包含：雷射掃描、鋪料及控制系統。雷射掃描系統由雷射機與雷射掃描頭組成；鋪料系統由升降平台及刮料機構組成；控制系統使用VB語言撰寫控制程式，經由人機介面與控制卡，控制雷射系統與鋪料系統進行疊層加工。
“陶瓷雷射凝膠法製程”採用氧化矽粉末與溶膠攪拌成的漿料作為原料，經二氧化碳雷射加熱產生凝膠作用，快速製作出低成本的陶瓷工件。為改善其強度、精度與造型複雜度，本研究運用”適當凝膠重疊率”以提高工件強度與尺寸精度，發展容易清除的『多節柱狀支撐結構』以製作出具有”內部多連通孔”的複雜形狀陶瓷工件，擁有製作陶瓷骨骼組織支架模型的潛能。另外，『金屬-陶瓷複合材料製程』將金屬粉末與陶瓷黏結劑混合，經由Nd:YAG雷射加熱，使陶瓷黏結劑固化把金屬粉末包圍，形成陶瓷基地的金屬-陶瓷複合材料工件，為一新穎的複合材料快速原型製造方法，具有製作射出成型模具之模穴與入塊的潛力。
文中說明原型機的建構方式，陶瓷及金屬-陶瓷工件的製作流程。並對材料配方、鋪料方式、製程參數、雷射功率密度、凝膠陶瓷之重疊關係、支撐結構的製作、等，進行探討。並且對工件之尺寸精度、表面粗度、彎曲強度、表面形貌及組織成份加以量測，以便將來應用於產業界。

關鍵字

快速原型 ； 雷射凝膠 ； 陶瓷 ； 金屬-陶瓷複合材料

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
Title：Study of Selective Laser Gelling for Rapid Prototyping Technology

School：National Taiwan University
Researcher：Liu, Fwu Hsing Advisor：Liao, Yunn Shiuan
Keywords：Rapid prototyping, Laser gelling, Ceramic, Metal-ceramic composites

In this study, a selective laser gelling (SLG) and metal-ceramic composites of rapid prototyping process is developed. Therefore, two RP apparatus systems with the CO2 and Nd:YAG laser are also developed. These RP systems are composed of a laser scanning system, a paving system, and a control system. The laser scan system comprises a laser machine and a laser scan head, the paving system comprises an elevator platform and a scraper mechanism, the control system edited by the VB language administers the laser and paving systems to implement the layer additive process via control cards and the human-machine interface (HMI).
In the SLG process, the silica sol and silica powder is mixed as the ceramic slurry and then is paved to form a thin layer. When a laser beam radiation on the slurry, the gelling reaction is yielded after the water is evaporated. The low cost parts with pure ceramic composition can be rapidly fabricated. The part strength and dimensional accuracy can be increased using suitable bonding overlap, a complex shaped part with inner channel structures can be build by generating multi-length pillared support, which has the potential to construct the bio-ceramic for bone tissue scaffolds . Furthermore, in metal-ceramic composites process, the metal powder and ceramic binder is mixed as raw materials and then is heated by a Nd:YAG laser beam. The metal powder is wrapped by the ceramic binder to form a metal-ceramic part that is a novel method for fabrication composite materials.
The construction method of the RP apparatus and the building procedure of ceramic and metal-ceramic part are explained in this paper. The materials ingredient, paving method, process parameters, laser energy density, the overlap relation of gelled ceramic, and the generating strategy of support structure are also discussed. In order to enhance the application fields in industry of this research, the accuracy of work pieces, the roughness of surface, bending strength, feature of surface, and the ingredient of construction will be measured.

並列關鍵字

Rapid prototyping ； Laser gelling ； Ceramic ； Metal-ceramic composites

參考文獻

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