護理人員面臨災難發生時的回召工作意願及其影響因素之探討

Barriers to nurses'ability and willingness to report to duty during catastrophic disasters.

林綉珠(Shou-Ju Lin)

指導教授 ： 戴玉慈

國立臺灣大學/醫學院/護理學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.01918

摘要

醫院遇到緊急事件時，必須要大量的人員回到醫院幫忙，特別是護理人員。人力的召回及運用是成功的關鍵，本研究目的在探討護理人員面臨災難時的回召工作意願，分析個人屬性、自覺工作準備度及專業承諾，及對於回召工作意願之相關性。研究方法採橫斷式調查法；對某醫學中心護理人員進行自填結構式問卷，使用工具包括災難回召工作意願量表、自覺工作準備度量表、及專業承諾量表；資料分析則利用描述性統計、Chi-square、t-test、ANOVA、Person’s correlation coefficient、Multiple stepwise regression等方法進行資料統計分析。資料回收有1,281份(81.9％)，歸納研究結果如下：
一、 回召意願以災難種類區分，意願最低的是「毒化災事件」，其次是「新興傳染病」，但大部分還是在尚可及願意之間，而颱風、地震、醫院大量傷患及醫院停電，大多數對象都表示願意回召工作；工作地點非原單位時，則以「新興傳染病」的回召工作意願最低，不願意的比例增加甚多；回召之班別，則以「大夜班」的回召意願最低，但有意願的還是佔多數。
二、在自覺準備度，以「毒化災事件」為最低，多數者表示不足，其次是「新興傳染病」。
三、在專業承諾方面，研究對象的「規範性專業承諾」得分最高，而「持續性專業承諾」則最低。
四、意願與個人特性之關係：學歷高(碩士)、工作年資久(滿20年以上者)，回召之意願高。工作單位中則以急診的意願高；能力進階及職稱中，則以護理長的意願明顯高過其他職稱者。
五、回召工作意願與自覺工作準備度及專業承諾之關係：經多變項逐步迴歸分析，專業承諾、護理知識、自我防護技能、對機構信心、相關教育訓練需求、職稱護理長、工作單位急診等具顯著影響力。研究對象的專業承諾越高，自覺工作準備度越高，回召工作意願越高；而其中專業承諾對回召意願最具影響力。
本結果可提供護理行政管理者規劃如何提升護理人員專業承諾及對災難工作的準備度。從提供適時的教育訓練、自我防護技能、足夠防護設備等，來提高護理人員的災難回召工作意願。

關鍵字

災難護理 ； 專業承諾 ； 工作意願

並列摘要

Introduction
The objective of this study was to survey the willingness of nurses to report for duty during catastrophic disasters and identify factors that significantly influenced their willingness.
Method
A cross-sectional survey of all the nurse staff in a medical center, which was designated to provide medical care in disasters in northern part of Taiwan, was performed from April 2006 to May. A structured questionnaire, including the willingness of nurses to report to their work during six types of events, professional commitment and a self-evaluation of competence in disasters, was dispatched to them. Descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple stepwise regressions with SPSS software were used for data analysis.
Result
A total of 1,281 respondents were valid for analysis. We found the followings:
1.The lowest willingness was in hazardous material events and followed by biohazard events. While they had the lowest willingness to be send to another facility working for biohazard events. Fewer were willing to report for over night shift. Although most nurses were willing to report for duty, they showed different preference and preparedness in these events.
2.Most nurses showed lack of self competence, inadequate knowledge and skill level in hazardous material events.
3.Among professional commitment, the “continuance commitment” was the lowest one. The “normative commitment” was higher than others.
4.Those with a higher education level, senile staffs, working in the emergency department, head nurses were more willing than others.
5.Through multiple regression analysis, we found the “professional commitment”, “related knowledge”, “personal protective skills”, “trust in hospital”, “training needs” was correlated positively with the willingness.

並列關鍵字

disaster nursing ； willingness to work ； professional commitment

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