女性護理人員生涯阻礙與因應策略之相關性研究

Correlation Study of Career Barriers and Coping Strategies among Female Nurses

黃美華(Mei-Hua Huang) ； 郭倩琳(Chien-Lin Kuo)

《護理暨健康照護研究》 5卷2期 (2009/06) Pp. 91-99

https://doi.org/10.6225/JNHR.5.2.91

摘要

護理工作是一個傳統以女性為主的職業，基層護理人員高流動率一直是護理實務的重要議題。本研究以生涯認知觀點，採用橫斷式相關性研究設計，以方便取樣方式，採用生涯阻礙量表、因應策略量表等結構式問卷，調查台灣省嘉義縣及屏東縣兩所醫院的女性護理人員生涯阻礙及因應策略現況及之間的相關性，自民國97年1月至97年2月止，發出問卷767份，回收有效問卷516份，獲得以下研究結果：女性護理人員的生涯阻礙屬中低程度，平均2.45分，以「多重角色壓力」感受最高，「性別上的差別待遇」感受最低；最常採取「尋求協助與他人支持」之因應策略。具備不同個人背景的女性護理人員，其生涯阻礙及因應策略有顯著差異。生涯阻礙與正向因應策略呈負相關，與「延宕逃避與消極調適」之因應策略呈正相關。根據研究發現，研究者乃針對護理實務及護理研究提出建議。

關鍵字

女性護理人員 ； 生涯阻礙 ； 因應策略

並列摘要

The high itinerancy rate amongst nursing staff has consistently been an important issue in the nursing profession. The present study adopted a cross-sectional correlational design with a cognitive view of the profession in order to explore career barriers faced and coping strategies used by female nurses as well as to investigate relationships between these two variables using structured questionnaires. Respondents were female nurses from two teaching hospitals in Chiayi and Pingtung counties. A total of 516 valid questionnaires were collected (67% retrieved). Major research findings included: Career barriers faced by respondents were rated at a 'moderate' degree of severity, among which 'multiple role pressures' earned the highest and 'gender discrimination' the lowest scores. 'Seeking assistance and support from others' was the coping strategy employed most frequently. Personal background such as age, marital status, service seniority, professional duty, department affiliation, specialized certificates number, and shift rotation status all had significant influences on career barriers and coping strategies. Positive coping strategies had a negative correlation with career barriers. Career barriers were related to the coping strategies of ”delay-escape” and ”negative adjustment”. Based on findings, the researchers made suggestions about nursing practice and further research recommendations.

並列關鍵字

female nurses ； career barrier ； coping strategy