非認知能力對教育成就之影響-社交、領導與才藝能力之實證

The Impact of Non-Cognitive Ability on Educational Achievement: An Empirical Evidence of Social, Leadership and Talent Ability

陳亨利(HENG LI CHEN)

指導教授 ： 黃芳玫

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/農業經濟學研究所/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU202201733

摘要

近年來個人之非認知能力逐漸受到重視，本研究使用「台灣青少年成長歷程研究」追蹤長期調查資料，同時採用學生自答以及老師對學生評估問項建構分析資料集。探討個人青少年時期社交領導行為與課外活動天分對於未來教育成就之影響，同時控制個人認知能力與特質、父母特質、家庭社經地位與學校地區固定效果，結合代理變數與工具變數，以多元迴歸模型與Probit模型進行分析。實證結果顯示國三之朋友數量與未來最終教育年數以及是否進入大學存在顯著負相關；曾擔任班級幹部與小老師之學生平均能有較高之最終教育年數與進入大學之機率，其中曾擔任小老師之邊際效果為最大；曾擔任社團幹部則對於未來教育成就無顯著相關性。此外，經老師評估具有舞蹈天分之學生與未來進入大學存在顯著負相關；具科學天分之學生則與最終教育年數及是否進入大學存在顯著正相關。利用老師評估學生特質作為朋友數量與領導職位之工具變數，並找出與未來教育成就之正相關性，為本研究之主要貢獻。

關鍵字

非認知能力 ； 領導能力 ； 社交能力 ； 教育成就 ； 課外活動天分

並列摘要

Non-cognitive Ability has been receiving more attention in recent years. To study non-cognitive ability, this research uses Taiwan Youth Project longitudinal data, which encompasses student responses and teacher assessments. By controlling the personal cognitive ability, such as parents characteristics, socioeconomic status and school fix effect, this research investigate the relationship between socializing behaviors (considered as non-cognitive abilities) and future educational attainment. Proxy variables and instrumental variables are applied both in OLS and Probit model. For students in the third year of junior high school, the results indicate that: 1.The number of friends has significant negative relationship with education years and the probability of college entrance; 2. Class-leader or teacher assistant will receive more education years and higher probability of college-entrance, where the teacher assistant role has the highest marginal effects; 3. Club-leader has no significant relationship with educational attainment; 4. Being assessed talented in dancing has significant negative relationship with the probability of college-entrance; 5. Being assessed talented in science has significant positive relationship with education years and the probability of college-entrance. By applying “teacher assessment on student’s characteristics” as instrumental variables for “the number of friends” and “leadership roles”, this research has contributed to find a positive relationship between socializing abilities and future educational attainment.

並列關鍵字

Non-cognitive Ability ； Leadership Ability ； Social Ability ； Education Attainment ； Extracurricular Activities Talent

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