從臺北異鄉人到臺北新故鄉——戰後文學中的臺北印象

From Taipei Stranger to Taipei New Hometown——The Impression of Taipei in Post-War Literature

陳瑩真(Yin-Chen Chen)

指導教授 ： 殷善培

淡江大學/文學院/中國文學系碩士班/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6846/TKU.2012.00092

摘要

本論文主要探討戰後臺北的文學發展以及文學中的臺北印象。現今的臺北無疑是一國際性的都會，無論在政經、教育、文學等各方面的發展亦是倍受矚目之焦點，然而卻因她的地理位置和過去特殊、複雜的歷史背景，而使她成為一座「移民城市」，也使得每個時期無論是因為政治因素，或者是為了工作、求學而移居至臺北者，對她有著截然不同的感受。
從日據時期因殖民統治而產生的國族認同問題，逐漸凝聚的「臺灣本土意識」，至戰後的臺北，由於國民政府的遷臺，則衍生出新的族群認同問題；又於都市化、工業化迅速發展後，因大量的南部或其他縣市人口湧入臺北，形成另一個族群、社會認同問題。是故可見，在臺北社會、文化、政治、經濟等各方面的發展下，也深化了臺北「認同」的複雜性。
準此，本論文以「認同」、「都市文學」為主軸，透過各個時期中臺北於歷史、社會的發展和文學的相互作用下，探究不同時期的文學作品所呈現臺北的樣貌異同之處及原因，並且考察中、西方都市發展的背景和原因下，都市文學如何興起並影響其後的文學發展，同時，將和臺北有相似的殖民背景的上海、香港作為參照，相互比較觀察三者在殖民統治下的社會發展和都市化、都市文學的興起原因，以及三者中所呈現的都市印象有何異同，以及所造成的關鍵因素；再進而從西方文化、文藝思潮傳入，以及文學論戰所提出的反省和討論等，加以釐清文學中形成臺北的負面印象的主因。最後，在九○年代後全球化發展的趨勢下，地方文學、文化日益受到重視，而透過考察執政者從文化政策的推行、文學獎的舉辦，促使市民意識的崛醒和市民書寫的普及，亦可見更貼近於有關臺北生活和經驗的呈現，並企圖藉此凝聚市民對於臺北的記憶，強化對地方的認同感；此外，國民所得的提高和社會經濟穩定的發展下，所造成的旅行風氣盛行，亦影響新世代作家旅行異地時與臺北互為參照，和遊走於臺北之際，所描繪臺北的歷史、地理景觀、生活經驗等，了解這些文本、作品中表達對於臺北的關懷和情感的轉變。

關鍵字

臺北 ； 移民城市 ； 認同 ； 都市文學 ； 地方文學

並列摘要

The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the development of literature in Taipei and the impression of Taipei in literature after WWII. Today, Taipei is undoubtedly an international metropolis, it is also the focus of much attention no matter in the political, economic, educational, literature and other respects of development; however, its geographical location, special and complicated historical background left it became a city of immigrants, and people who moved to Taipei whether because of political factors, work or study has totally different feeling to it.
National identity issue came out during Japanese occupation period, then increased-gradually Taiwanization, till the period after WWII a new issue, ethnic identity, derivate due to the nationalist government relocated to Taiwan; another group, society issues caused by huge populations from southern Taiwan or other cities and counties migrated to Taipei after quickly urbanization and industrialization.
Therefore, this thesis will focus on "identity" and "urban literature" as the main scheme, through the interaction between histories, the society development and literature in each period to investigate the similarities and differences of Taipei showing in literary products of different periods and reasons for, and also investigates how the urban literature rise up and affect the development of subsequent literature base on the backgrounds and reasons of Chinese cities and Western cities development; meanwhile, set Shanghai and Hong Kong like references which have similar colonial backgrounds as Taipei to compare with each other for society development, urbanization, reasons of rise up of urban literature, how the differences of city impression showing in these three cities and the key factors to make that be; and further, through western cultures, introduction of the trend of literary thoughts as well as the discussions and introspections bring up by literature controversy to clarify the main reason to form a negative impression of Taipei in literature. Finally, because of local literature and culture are increasingly important each day under the development of globalization trend after the 1990s. Through investigating the implementation of Cultural Policy and the creation of Prize for Literature that promoted the rising of Residential consciousness and the popularity of writing, it can also be found that writings represent closer to the lives and experiences in Taipei which attempted to unite people's memory of Taipei and strengthen the local identity. Furthermore, great popularity of traveling caused by National Income rising and stable development of Socio-economic also influences new generation writers to write with refer to Taipei when traveling off, and the writings of Taipei history, geography, landscape or life experiences
during traveling around Taipei. Author of this thesis want to understand the expression about the care of Taipei and emotion changes through these texts and writings.

並列關鍵字

Taipei ； City of Immigrants ； Identification ； Urban Literature ； Local Literature

參考文獻

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