台灣老年人飲食型態與代謝症候群相關性之探討

The relationship between food pattern and metabolic syndrome in the elderly in Taiwan

鍾岱妤(Dai-Yu Chung)

指導教授 ： 葉志嶸

中山醫學大學/健康管理學院/公共衛生學系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

摘要

研究背景：代謝症候群（Metabolic Syndrome）為一群代謝異常因子聚集的現象，且這些因子為心血管疾病之代謝因子。代謝症候群亦會增加罹患心血管疾病、糖尿病之罹病的風險與死亡率及全死因死亡率。而老年人代謝症候群之盛行率相當高，顯示代謝症候群為老年人一非常重要之健康議題。
研究目的：探討台灣65歲以上之老年人，飲食型態、飲食習慣及飲食禁忌行為與代謝症候群及其代謝因子之相關性。
材料與方法：本研究採用「1999年至2000年台灣地區老人營養健康狀況調查」的資料，共754位個案。使用因素分析從25項食物中萃取出不同飲食型態，並以羅吉斯迴歸分析飲食型態、飲食習慣及禁忌行為與代謝症候群及其代謝因子之相關性。
結果：本研究代謝症候群盛行率男性為16.12％，女性26.69％。並發現於男女性中攝取較多肉類，以及女性攝取豐富的豆製品及魚類之飲食型態，與代謝症候群及其代謝因子之較低風險有關。飲食習慣部分男生多吃肥肉或皮、多吃油炸食物、加調味料或以醬菜配飯（麵）會增加患有代謝因子之機率。禁忌行為量表發現女性對於飲食的忌諱較男性多
結論：本研究觀察出因健康而改變飲食之可能性，因此，近一步探索不同年齡層、種族或性別之特有飲食型態，及其與代謝因子之相關；以及建議政府推動健康飲食之相關概念，訂定有益代謝症候群之飲食型態，將對代謝症候群與心臟血管疾病之防治食物上有很大之助益

關鍵字

飲食型態 ； 代謝症候群 ； 因素分析 ； 老年人

並列摘要

Background－Metabolic syndrome was a cluster of metabolic abnormalities which were related to cardiovascular risk factors. It increased risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus and all-cause death. Metabolic syndrome has become one of the major public health challenges, because of high prevalence among elderly.
Aims－The aims of our study were to examine the relationship between food patterns, dietary habits and food restriction behavior and metabolic syndrome among elderly aged 65 years or older in Taiwan.
Methods－Total of 754 eligible elderly were recruited from the Elderly Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan between 1999 and 2000. Factor analysis was performed to extract food patterns from 25 food groups. Associations between the extracted food patterns, dietary habits and food restriction behavior and metabolic syndrome were examined using logistic regression model.
Results－The prevalence of metabolic syndrome were 16.12％ of males and 26.69％of females, respectively. The consumption of a meat in males and females, and both soy products and fish in females were inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and metabolic abnormalities. Higher intakes of high fat meat, fried foods, dips and pickles were positively associated with the metabolic syndrome. We found that more frequent food restriction behavior were among females than males.
Conclusions－Our study found that people may change their dietary habits because of self-consciousness of healthy status. Therefore we suggested that future study would examine the relationship between specific food patterns and metabolic syndrome at specific age, sex and ethnicity populations. Additionally, we recommend that government organizations should promote concept of health-diet and make dietary guidelines which were helpful for deceased risk of metabolic syndrome.

並列關鍵字

food pattern ； metabolic syndrome ； Factor analysis ； elderly

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