面磚工程粘著材料之試驗與研究

The Test and Study on Adhesive Materials of The Tile Project

李文田(Wen-Tien Lee)

指導教授 ： 彭添富

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2005.00219

摘要

台灣地區屬於海島型氣候，一般房屋建築多採用鋼筋混凝土，而外牆亦大多採用面磚作為裝修材料。一旦建築物的外牆發生剝落，除直接影響美觀外，亦可能危及他人生命財產。有關面磚剝落的原因，可能涉及施工材料、施工方式、施工工具等方面。雖然目前已有許多新開發的粘著材料，但使用水泥砂漿的施工者仍為大多數。
水泥砂漿係由水泥、砂、水及摻料等材料於工地現場拌合而成，其品質管制不如結構混凝土來得嚴謹。上述材料中，以砂的品質管制最容易被人疏忽。一般市面上販售的建材砂，其來源可能是河中開採或陸上開挖，然後直接裝車或裝袋運至建材行或工地。這些建材砂的級配或清潔度，是否能滿足CNS規範的有關規定，及其對粘著強度的影響，係為主要研究的目的。
由試驗結果顯示，砂的清潔度對於粘著強度有相當大的影響，而級配狀況則影響不大。使用清潔砂的水泥砂漿，其粘著強度高於未清潔砂者。另外，當混凝土表面愈粗糙時，粘著強度將相對地提高。然而，當表面存有潑水劑或模板剝離劑時，粘著強度將減少。
為確保水泥砂漿的粘著強度能有效發揮，應注意工地砂的清潔度及混凝土表面的清潔狀況，讓可能減損面磚工程任一界面粘著力的不利因子降至最低。

關鍵字

粘著強度 ； 水泥砂漿 ； 砂 ； 面磚 ； 試驗

並列摘要

Taiwan belongs to the island type climate, general building construction adopt more armored concrete , and the outer wall also mostly adopt the tile as fitting up materials . Once the outer wall of the building peels off , may endanger others' lives and properties besides resulting in aesthetic problems directly. The reason why relevant tile peels off, may involve constructing in the material , construction way , construct respects , such as tool ,etc.. Though already a lot of ones that developed newly were glueing materials at present, the person who uses construction of the cement mortar is still great majority.
The cement mortar was mixed live in the building site by the materials, such as cement, sand , water and admixture ,etc., its quality is controlled not to come rigorously as the structure concrete. In above-mentioned materials, it is easiest to neglect to control with the quality of the sand. The building materials sand that is generally sold on the market, its source may be exploited in the river or excavates by land, then load or put bag and transport it to building materials shop or building site directly. The gradation or cleanliness of this sand could accord with CNS norm and to influence of bond strength, it is the main research purpose.
Shown by the result of the test, cleanliness of the sand has sizable influence in bond strength, but the influence of the gradation of states is not obvious. When we use the clean sand to mix the cement mortar, the bond strength is higher than using the non- clean sand. In addition, when the concrete surface is rougher, the bond strength will relatively improve. However, the bond strength will reduce when the surface by coating the water repellent agent or the oil of template.
For insuring the bond strength of the cement mortar can develop effectively, we should pay attention to cleanliness of the sand of building site and cleanliness of the concrete surface. When the disadvantageous factor of the any interface of tile engineering is dropped to lowest, the probability that can make the tile peel off is also reduced.

並列關鍵字

Bond Strength ； Mortar ； Sand ； Tile ； Test

參考文獻

[1] ANSI A108.10-1999. (1999). “Installation of grout in tilework,” American National Standard Specifications for the Installation of Ceramic Tile, Tile Council of America, Inc., pp. 53-54.

[3] Momayez, A., Ramezanianpour, A. A., Rajaie, H., and Ehsani, M. R. (2004a). “Bi-Surface Shear Test for Evaluating Bond between Existing and New Concrete,”ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL, March-April,2004, pp. 101-102.

[4] Momayez, A., Ramezanianpour, A. A., Rajaie, H., and Ehsani, M. R. (2004b) “Bi-Surface Shear Test for Evaluating Bond between Existing and New Concrete,”ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL, March-April, 2004, pp. 99-100.

[2] ANSI A118.3-1999. (1999). “American national stand specifications for chemical resistant, water cleanable tile-setting and –grouting epoxy and water cleanable tile-setting epoxy adhesive,” American National Standard Specifications for the Installation of Ceramic Tile, Tile Council of America, Inc., pp. 72.

[5] CNS 387 (1993)，「建築用砂」，經濟部中央標準局，2頁。