焚化底渣取代混凝土粒料之可行性研究

A Feasibility Study on Concrete Aggregate Replacement Material for MSWI Bottom Ash

陳建勳(Jian-Syun Chen)

指導教授 ： 章裕民

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/環境規劃與管理研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2014.00639

摘要

國內都市垃圾焚化底渣資源化再利用率近年來逐漸升高，以達減少掩埋場使用率與延長其壽命目的。再利用的用途也愈來愈廣泛，主要利用在瀝青混凝土及無筋混凝土取代粒料等用途，增加國內骨材來源。本研究重點主要為底渣前處理後，利用粒料篩選(粒徑、健度及磨損率試驗)處理之底渣，得知可作為後續精化處理的底渣約只有原底渣的62.4%，其中屬於粗骨材約佔19.4 %，細骨材約佔43.0 %，健度部分細粒料之損耗率約為5%，粗粒料約為8%，磨損率則約為40 %，皆符合混凝土粒料規範，再以單槽四次連續式水洗方式分別以不同酸液濃度、滯留時間及液固比進行實驗，根據實驗結果在液固比=3、單槽滯留時間30分鐘、添加酸液濃度pH= 2.40 (酸/水=0.01) 的最佳條件下，水溶性氯離子濃度從0.893% (原底渣) 降至0.020%(≦0.024%)符合國內法規第一類再利用標準，並可使異臭味濃度指數從1,000降至10。
綜合研判經初篩分、細分選、加酸水洗後，確實可有效使底渣粒料符合法規第一類規範標準，並應用於取代部分砂石粒料。以處理500 (噸/天) 底渣所需之成本概估約35元/噸，經處理過後可用作取代砂石粒料之有價產品約為70噸，以目前砂石市售價格 (保守估計250元/噸)，整體處理成本效益可達損益平衡。

關鍵字

底渣 ； 混凝土粒料 ； 成本概估

並列摘要

The re-utilization rate of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash is increasing gradually in recent years, so as to reduce use rate of landfill site and prolong its life. Application of recycle is becoming wider and wider, which is mainly used for asphalt concrete and non-reinforced concrete replacing aggregate, so as to add domestic aggregate sources.This study aims at pretreatment and final treatment of bottom ash. In the bottom ash treated by aggregate screening (particle size, soundness and abrasion test), it is known that the bottom ash capable of being for subsequent elaboration processing accounts for about 62.4%, wherein coarse aggregate accounts for about 19.4%, fine aggregate accounts for about 43.0%, loss rate of soundness test aggregate is about 5%, coarse granular material accounts for about 8%, abrasion rate is about 40%, which all confirm to the specification of concrete aggregate. Furthermore, it uses a single tank four-time continuous method to conduct experiments respectively by different acid concentration, detention time and liquid-solid ratio. According to experimental results, under the best conditions that liquid-solid ratio is 3, single tank detention time is 30 minutes, added acid concentration pH is 2.40 (acid/water=0.01), water-soluble chloride ion concentration decrease from 0.893% (original bottom ash) to 0.020% (≦0.024%), which conforms to first category of recycle standard in domestic regulations and is able to make odor concentration index decreased from 1,000 to 10.
Through comprehensive analysis, preliminary screening, fine separation and washing by acid liquid, it can really make bottom ash comply with first category of code standard and apply to replacing part of aggregate. If the cost for dealing with 500 (ton/day) bottom ash is about 35 TWD/ton and processed valuable products capable of replacing aggregate are about 70 tons, the overall processing cost benefit can reach balance between profit and loss based on the current market price of aggregate (250 TWD/ton in conservative estimate).

並列關鍵字

MSWI Bottom Ash ； Concrete Aggregate ； Cost Estimate

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