應用三維雷射掃描儀於古蹟建物多期監測之評估

A Multi Epoch Cultural Heritage Monitoring Inspection by 3D Laser Scanner

王中平(Chung-Ping Wang)

指導教授 ： 張哲豪

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/土木與防災研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2013.00660

摘要

地區的市定古蹟，由文化部文化資產局統計截至2013年3月已有139處歷史建築，這些歷史建築往往會面臨氣候潮濕、地震破壞、都市開發、火災等自然及人為因素的威脅。因此，如何有效地蒐集相關基礎資料、保存及紀錄現況，進而針對毀損處進行監測及修復是有必要的。
隨著雷射掃描儀不斷進步，獲取物體三維空間資訊的時間可大幅縮短，對於減少外業工作及掃瞄作業時數有相當大的幫助。本研究於校內紅樓進行點雲模型精度檢核實驗，將Riegl VZ-400雷射掃描儀所掃描之各測站點雲，搭配Topcon Image Station在現場量測紅樓上的特徵點，以人工辨識點雲模型中的特徵點與全測站所測量的特徵點進行比較，評估點雲接合後模型之精度。
以松山菸廠鍋爐房為研究目標，確認研究區內導線網點位相對位置沒有明顯變化，並完整掃描松山菸廠鍋爐房，將點雲模型由專案坐標轉換至大地坐標，統一各時期坐標系統。最後套疊不同時期點雲模型，檢視前後期鍋爐房的變化，以及透過高精度點雲模型量測、紀錄鍋爐房重點數據並以裂痕數化、裂痕最大寬度、裂縫體積三種方式描述煙囪裂痕。

關鍵字

3D雷射掃描 ； 點雲 ； 精度評估 ； 古蹟監測

並列摘要

The number of municipal historical sites in Taipei has reached 139 up to March, 2013, according to statistics by Bureau of Cultural Heritage, Ministry of Culture. Natural and human factors such as humidity, earthquakes, city development, and fires tend to pose a threat to these historical sites. Hence, it’s necessary to effectively collect relevant fundamental data, keep and preserve records of these historical sites, and furthermore monitor and restore the damaged parts.
With the advancement of 3D laser scanners, the time required to get information on objects in 3D space has been dramatically shortened, which is helpful in reducing field work as well as in saving time in the scanning process. This study conducted experiments on accuracy assessments in the point cloud models in the Red House on school campus. The point clouds scanned by Riegl VZ-400 at each station were paired with the feature points gathered by Topcon Image Station at the location of the Red House so that comparisons could be made through manual identification between the feature points in the point cloud models with those measured by the total station, thus making it possible to evaluate the accuracy of point cloud models.
This study took the boiler room in Taipei Songshan Tobacco Plant as a research target. Then complete traverse networks were plannedv8 both inside and outside the research area to serve as a foundation for coordinate evaluation in the process of multi-monitoring. Furthermore, all the project coordinate systems at different stages were unified. Finally, complete scans of the boiler room in Songshan Tobacco Plant were made, data of the boiler room were measured and recorded, chimney cracks were digitized and volume analyses of cracks were made.

並列關鍵字

3D Laser scanner ； Point cloud ； Precision assessment ； Heritage monitor

參考文獻

11. 陳翠慧，運用3D雷射掃瞄技術探討台灣日治時代寺廟建築疊斗式木構架之尺寸計畫，碩士論文，國立成功大學建築學系，台南，2007。

16. 林煒涎，3D雷射掃描儀應用於戶地測量之研究，碩士論文，國立成功大學地球科學研究所，台南，2007。

19. 蔡漢龍，地面光達幾何校正系統設計與實施，碩士論文，國立成功大學測量及空間資訊學系，台南，2007。

14. 黃偉城，利用地面三維雷射掃瞄儀研究斷層變形之可行性—2003年Mw6.5台東成功地震池上斷層之同震及震後變形，碩士論文，國立成功大學地球科學研究所，台南，2004。

17. 陳泓錡，猴山岳步道崩塌地的地形地貌紀錄與分析，碩士論文，國立台北科技大學土木與防災研究所，台北，2012。