應用爆震波狀態方程式(EOS)與3DEC探討爆破荷載在不連續面下之動態行為

The Application of the EOS & 3DEC on the Dynamic Behavior of a Discontinuity under Explosive Loading

陳志銘(Chin-Ming Chen)

指導教授 ： 丁原智

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/材料及資源工程系所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

爆震波與岩石破碎的行為極為複雜，基於地質觀點，控制爆破的參數很難以量化評估，目前爆破工程多藉由炸藥爆破時能量轉換的觀點，以及爆震波和衝擊波傳遞時質量、能量和動量守恆的理論，作為探討爆破震動參數的基礎。而在探討質量、能量和動量守恆的理論時，速度成為不可或缺的重要參數，如何得到爆震速度成為研究爆震波特性的首要課題。
目前國內可量測爆震波速度的儀器並不普遍，因此爆震波速度值得之不易，想利用爆震波速度來探討爆破震動的特性更是難上加難，本文將依據理想氣體方程式、流體動力學、熱力學、理想氣體多變定律和相關的經驗公式，結合衝擊波和爆震波傳遞時質量、能量和動量守恆的理論，推導爆震波的狀態方程式，並藉由爆震波的狀態方程式了解爆震波的特性及其應用。
爆震波狀態方程式的應用方面，可利用爆震波的狀態方程式求得爆震速度與質點速度，再與1985年S. M. Day的經驗方程式配合，藉由3DEC動態分析中的無因次分析來探討爆破荷載在不連續面下的動態行為，並由3DEC動態分析所得的Day爆破荷載經驗方程式及本文爆震波狀態方程式之速度歷史曲線和滑動歷史曲線作比較，進而驗證本文爆震波狀態方程式的準確性。

關鍵字

3DEC ； 狀態方程式(EOS) ； 爆震波 ； 無因次分析 ； 爆破荷載

並列摘要

Engineering blasting has the advantages of high fragmentation efficiency and fast reaction which is widely used in most of mining and tunneling projects. Generally, the detonation Wave and stress wave will transmits outward in the rock from the center of energy source after explosive is initiated. Therefore, the characteristics and behavior of the shock wave need to be analyzed thoroughly.
When discuss the transmission of the shock wave, the mass and momentum balance need to be considered as the base for various blasting parameters. The theory of balance is composed with five parameters such as pressure, particle velocity. Detonating velocity, specific volume and density and all needed to be included into the equation of state.
Most of the former research were based upon experienced equation derived from mass, energy and momentum. Besides the previous research finding, the ideal gas equation and ideal gas, fluid dynamics and thermal dynamics were also included in the derivation of the equation of state(EOS) of the detonation Wave. The derived equation has also be examined using Ordnace Corp of US and proved to be reasonable.
3DEC (3 Dimensional Distinct Element Code) is a numerical analysis tool to analyze the dynamic behavior of a discontinuity under explosive loading. So The equation of state(EOS) of the detonation Wave and 3DEC is used to simulate the dynamic behavior of a discontinuity under explosive loading, which may be more realistic than other analysis method.

並列關鍵字

Equation of state(EOS) ； Detonation Wave ； 3DEC ； Explosive Loading

參考文獻

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