醫療支出對經濟成長影響之探討：跨國分析比較

The Effects of Health Care Expenditure on GDP: Cross-Country Comparison

李佳純(Chia-Chun Li)

指導教授 ： 李顯章

臺北醫學大學/公共衛生暨營養學院/醫務管理學研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

隨著經濟發展與蓬勃成長，國民之所得日益提高，因而開始重視自身的健康問題，並希望獲得更完整的醫療照護，因此，世界各國目前都面臨醫療支出持續不斷上漲的壓力，而經濟合作與發展組織(Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD)各國和台灣也都有相同的問題，由平均每人醫療支出(Health Care Expenditure per capita, HCE)和醫療支出佔國內生產毛額(Gross Domestic Product, GDP)的比例持續增加，不難發現這個問題的嚴重性。
本研究之解釋變項以經濟合作暨發展組織國家之OECD Health Data 2012中，選擇平均每人醫療支出費用、每千人之醫師人數、每千人之護士人數、每千人之醫院病床數、每千人之醫院急性病床數、每百萬人之核磁共振攝影儀台數、每百萬人之電腦斷層攝影儀台數，作為醫療支出的代理變數；被解釋變項則為平均每人國內生產毛額。
經進行Panel Data模型分析後，則每千人之醫師人數及每百萬人之電腦斷層攝影儀台數均對於平均每人國內生產毛額有顯著影響，而每千人之護士人數、每千人之醫院病床數及醫院急性病床數則有顯著負相關，由以上結果得知，如果想有效控制國內生產毛額，除管控醫療支出外，對於醫院病床數的管控應作相對之管理機制，並加強醫師人數的培育，並且更要積極管制醫療設備的持續競爭行為，才能真正有效調整醫療支出對於國內生產毛額的影響。

關鍵字

醫療支出 ； 國內生產毛額 ； 追蹤資料

並列摘要

With economic development and vigorous growth, increasing income nationals, which also started to pay attention to their health problems, and want to get a more complete medical care, so the world are currently facing rising health care spending has continued to pressure, and the world economy OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD) countries and Taiwan also have the same problem, from an average per capita health expenditure (Health Care Expenditure per capita, HCE) and health expenditure as a percentage of GDP (Gross Domestic Product, GDP) ratio continues to increase, not difficult to find the problem.
The independent variables in this study to Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, OECD Health Data 2012, select health expenditure per capita costs, the number of physicians per thousand, the number of nurses per thousand, the number of hospital beds per thousand per thousands of acute hospital beds per million people the number of units of the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, per million people in the computed tomography number of units, as a proxy for health care expenditures; variable is interpreted as compared to the average per capita GDP gross.
The analysis carried Panel Data model, then the number of physicians per thousand people per million and the number of computed tomography units are the average GDP per capita has a significant impact, while the number of nurses per thousand per thousand people of acute hospital beds and hospital beds is a significant negative correlation results from the above that, if you want to effectively control the gross domestic product, in addition to control health care expenditures, management and control of hospital beds should be relative to the management mechanism, and to strengthen the cultivation of the number of physicians and medical devices but also to actively control the continuing competitive behavior, to be truly effective health expenditure adjusted for the impact of the gross domestic product.

並列關鍵字

Health care expenditure ； GDP ； Panel Data

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