在電子組裝業中組裝料件的成本常常佔總成本的百分之五十以上,其製造策略又為接單後生產,即根據預測訂單進行組裝料件的採購,而預測訂單與實際訂單之間存在著不確定性,往往有相當大的差異存在,而組裝業組裝料件之間的替代性相較於其他產業來說其比例較高,所以對於組裝料件的考量將較複雜。 本研究的目的為考量組裝料件的替代關係,在目前庫存的組裝料件下所能組成的最適產品組合數量,使產品能在有較高價值時銷售出去,以彌補過去因預測錯誤與經濟環變化所造成的庫存問題,減少公司的組裝料件的損失。 本研究利用數學規劃方法,對於目前庫存組裝料件所能組成的最適產品提供一模式,並針對於個案公司所提供的資料進行探討,篩選出所要討論的產品,與每種產品所要考量的組裝料件組合關係數,在考量組裝料件的替代關係與共用關係下建構其數學式,並利用可以求解整數規劃之軟體進行求解,獲得在目前庫存狀態下最適的產品組合數進,並進行其他相關分析。
In electronics industry, the cost of assembly parts generally above 50%. If the production planning of the company is to follow the “assembly to order” strategy and the discrepancy between the forecast order and the real order exists due to uncertainty, so how to decide the combination of product is a complex problem. The research goal of this thesis is to seek the optimal combination of product quantity under the consideration of present stock and substitute relation of assembly parts, so the final product can be sold in high prices to compensate for the stock problem because of forecast error or transients of economic environments and to reduce the company’s losses. The research starts from selecting the product of selected company under investigation, analyses the stock data and constructs the mathematical model to consider substitute relation of assembly parts. The research uses an integer mathematical programming method to solve the proposed model and finally makes a suggestion from the results.