攝食二仁溪魚體的汞暴露健康風險評估

Health Risk Assessment of Mercury Exposure by Consuming Fish from Erhjin River, Taiwan.

呂其霖(Chi-Lin Liu)

指導教授 ： 洪慶宜

長榮大學/健康科學學院/職業安全與衛生學系(所)/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2011.00199

摘要

二仁溪近年水質及生態的改善，使下游河段時見垂釣及漁撈活動，整治中河川魚種是否可安全食用，值得注意。本研究於2008年6月到2009年5月期間針對二仁溪下游河段5個採樣點進行6次採樣，以評估水層優勢魚種(環球海鰶)及底層優勢魚種(斑海鯰)總汞含量與攝食二仁溪魚種的健康風險，並分析底泥污染程度，比較不同攝食習性魚種與底泥汞的關聯。
研究結果顯示，環球海鰶魚肉總汞含量0.058±0.018 (mg/kg w.w.)，斑海鯰魚肉總汞含量0.140±0.057 (mg/kg w.w.)，二種不同攝食習性魚種總汞含量顯著不同(P=0.000)，不同採樣時間魚肉汞含量顯著不同(P =0.001)，採樣點影響則不顯著(P =0.058)。環球海鰶及斑海鯰的肝總汞濃度皆顯著大於魚肉組織(P分別為0.002與0.000)。假設魚體甲基汞含量為總汞的95%，以全國健康營養調查之攝食習慣推估的健康風險評估結果顯示，攝食環球海鰶與斑海鯰暴露汞之危害商數分別為0.55和1.34，以蒙地卡羅法推估攝食這些魚種產生危害的機率各為0%與90%；經由二仁溪釣客攝食行為問卷調查所得之攝食量推估之風險評估結果顯示，攝食環球海鰶與斑海鯰暴露汞之危害商數分別為0.81與3.00，攝食這些魚種產生危害的機率各為25%與100%。本研究結論攝取二仁溪底層魚種仍可能對人體會造成健康上的危害，相關政府部門應該公告攝食風險資訊，以警示二仁溪底棲魚種於現階段仍不適食用。

關鍵字

魚 ； 汞 ； 底泥 ； 健康風險評估

並列摘要

The recent improvements of water quality and biodiversity have attracted angling and commercial crabbing activities at the estuary region of the Erhjin River. Being one of the priority cleanup rivers in Taiwan, the safety to consume the fish catching from the river has being concerned. The present study assessed the mercury contents of a dominated water column species, Western Pacific gizzard shad (Nematalosa come), and a dominated benthic species, spotted catfish (Arius maculatus), collected bimonthly by 6 sampling trips from June, 2008 to May, 2009 at 5 locations in the Erhjin River estuary. The health risks posed to people who consumed these two species were also estimated.
The result showed that the muscle mercury contents of soptted catfish (0.140±0.057 mg/kg w.w.), the beathic species, was significantly higher than those of gizzard shad (0.058±0.018 mg/kg w.w.), the water column sepcies (P=0.000). Sampling time significantly affected (P=0.001), but not the sampling locations (P=0.058), the muscle mercury contents of the fishes. The mercury concentrations of livers were significantly higher than those of muscles for both species (P=0.002 and 0.000 for Western Pacific gizzard shad and spotted catfish, respectively). The results of health risk assessment based on the national average of fish consumption per capita showed that the average target hazard quotients (THQ) were 0.55 and 1.34 for gizzard shad and spotted catfish, respectively. The probabilities of causing hazard (THQ>1) estimated by Monte Carlo Simulation due to the consumption of gizzard shad and spotted catfish were 0% and 90%, respectively. The results of health risk assessment based on the survey of fish consumption behavior of local anglers showed that the average target hazard quotients (THQ) were 0.81 and 3.00 for Western Pacific gizzard shad and spotted catfish, respectively. The probabilities of causing hazard (THQ>1) due to the consumption of Western Pacific gizzard shad and spotted catfish were 25% and 100%, respectively. The study suggested the consumption of fishes from the Erhjin River poses health hazard and fishing advisory with risk warning should be issued for the river.

並列關鍵字

Fish ； Mercury ； Sediment ； Risk Assessment

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