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  • 學位論文

台灣中老年人常見慢性病之症狀管理認知與因素探討

A study of the elder related popular chronic disease with cognition of symptom management in Taiwan

指導教授 : 紀玫如

摘要


目的:本研究目的為瞭解目前國內中老年人症狀管理認知情形,並探討影響症狀管理認知之相關因素。 方法:本研究採行政院衛生署國民健康局之「2003年台灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查」資料,篩選50歲以上中老年人、並可自己回答問卷者為樣本,共計5,116人。症狀管理認知係以中老年人對於高血壓、糖尿病與腎臟病三種中老年常見慢性疾病之相關預防行為、疾病認知與疾病照顧行為的知識與態度作為測量變項。分析架構中,同時考慮樣本特質、樣本個人健康狀況、樣本過去一年之就醫情形等變項,探討與中老年人症狀管理認知顯著相關之重要因素。 結果:症狀管理認知狀況中,有69.6%的中老年人對於疾病認知的瞭解不足,51.9%對於疾病預防瞭解程度較差,42.4%對於自我照顧知識的瞭解程度較差。整體羅吉斯迴歸模型結果發現,同時考慮個案人口學特質、健康狀況與就醫情形後,男性(OR=1.77,95%CI=1.53-2.05)、65歲以上(OR=1.02,95%CI=1.01-1.03)、籍貫為原住民或新住民(OR=2.02,95%CI=1.19-3.42);居住地區在鄉、農村(OR=1.83,95%CI=1.56-2.13)、教育程度為未受教育(OR=7.05,95%CI=5.61-8.85)、家庭年經濟狀況為30萬以下(OR=1.35,95%CI=1.06-1.70)、婚姻狀況為無配偶(OR=1.23,95%CI=1.03-1.47)、自覺健康越差(OR=1.33,95%CI=1.08-1.64)、與過去一年相比之健康情形較差(OR=1.20,95%CI=1.03-1.40)、罹病數量較少(OR=1.24,95%CI=1.18-1.30)、日常身體活動功能(NAGI)有困難(OR=1.21,95%CI=1.02-1.43)、有憂鬱傾向(OR=1.37,95%CI=1.13-1.65)、過去一年沒有到過醫院門診(OR=1.36,95%CI=1.12-1.64)者,其症狀管理認知瞭解程度顯著較差。 結論與建議:本研究發現社經地位較低、主觀和客觀健康狀況較差的中老年人為症狀管理認知表現較差的高風險族群,在目前台灣處於高齡化社會與疾病轉型的情況下,建議未來衛生相關單位應首先針對此族群增加疾病預防、認知與自我照顧知識等衛生教育之介入,以期有效控制慢性病患者病情與降低醫療利用。

並列摘要


Purpose:To understand the knowledge of symptom management and the associated factors among older adults in Taiwan. Methods:This study used the『Survey of the Health and Living Status of the Middle-Aged and the Elderly in Taiwan" in 2003』 which was constructed by Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health. Respondents who completed this survey by themselves were analyzed and it contained 5116 older adults. Knowledge of symptom management included preventive behavior, disease cognition and knowledge of disease care and attitudes about common chronic diseases. Result:There were 69.6% cases being poor performance about knowledge of disease, 51.9% about prevention of disease and 42.4% about self care knowledge. Our results showed that after controlling for demographic characteristics, health status and medical utilization, the factors associated with poor symptom management were being male (OR=1.77 , 95%CI=1.53-2.05), over 65 years old (OR=1.02 , 95%CI=1.01-1.03), aboriginal (OR=2.02 , 95%CI=1.19-3.42), lived in rural area (OR=1.83 , 95%CI=1.56-2.13), uneducated(OR=7.04 , 95%CI=5.61-8.85), lower family income (OR=1.35 , 95%CI=1.06-1.70), with no spouse (OR=1.23 , 95%CI=1.03-1.47), poor perceived health (OR=1.33 , 95%CI=1.08-1.64), poor perceived health compared with last year (OR=1.20 , 95%CI=1.03-1.40), fewer chronic diseases (OR=1.24 , 95%CI=1.18-1.30), disabled (OR=1.21 , 95%CI=1.02-1.43), depressive tendency (OR=1.37 , 95%CI=1.13-1.65)and have not been hospitalization last year (OR=1.36 , 95%CI=1.12-1.64). Conclusions and recommendations:Our result found out that if elder had lower socioeconomic status and poor health status, they would be the high risk population of poor knowledge of symptom management..With the rising aging population, we suggest that public health agencies should pay more attention about this group and process health education or integration to raise the knowledge of disease.

參考文獻


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