雙語者的語言表徵－ 語義相似性與事件連結性

Bilingual Linguistic Mental Representation：The effects of Semantic Similarity and Episodic Association

葉理豪(Li-Hao Yeh)

指導教授 ： 鄭谷苑

中原大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200300505

摘要

在現代社會中，純粹使用單語的人是很少有的。 在多數人都會使用兩種語的情況下，語言的表徵是如何？個體在日常生活中又是透過什麼樣的機制來完成兩種語言之間的轉換呢？本研究主要是希望藉由對於促發效果的探討，進一步了來瞭解個體L1與L2語言表徵間的關係。本研究一共進行了五個實驗。實驗一的主要目的是將特徵節點的想法納入事件記憶模型中，以說明事件連結性與語義相似性都是影響雙語者語言表徵的重要因素。實驗二是在維持促發字與目標字的語義相似程度的情況下，檢驗事件連結性的產生。在實驗三中，我們排除了語義相似性的影響，直接觀察由事件連結性所造成的促發效果。最後，實驗四與實驗五是要探討所謂事件記憶表徵的內容為何？在實驗四中，我們檢視了事件連結性是否也包含語義表徵的連結。實驗五中，我們使用無意義符號作為刺激材料，以觀察更基本的事件連結性。實驗結果顯示，事件連結性與語義相似性都是影響L1與L2關係的因素。對一對翻譯字而言，兩者之間連結的管道包括了彼此之間所共用的概念節點，與經常一起出現的經驗。對一個雙語者而言，他的L1與L2的心理詞彙表徵，分別由代表概念／語義，以及詞彙的節點所構成；而兩種語言之間則存在著一個「原則分離卻相互關聯」的關係。

關鍵字

事件連結 ； 語意相似 ； 語言 ； 雙語

並列摘要

In modern society, the majority of people are not monolinguals. Therefore, our research is focused on bilinguals’ language representation, and what mechanisms do bilinguals use to translate between languages in daily life. The primed LDT and ERT paradigms were introduced to clarify the relationship between L1 and L2. Five experiments were conducted in this thesis. In the experiment 1, the role of conceptual nodes in Episodic Memory Model was examined to investigate how episodic association and semantic similarity influence bilinguals’ translating between L1 and L2. In experiment 2, we examined the generation of episodic association with the consistent semantic similarity between prime and target. In experiment 3, the priming effect accounted by episodic association was investigated directly. Finally, the content of episodic representation was examined in experiments 4 and 5. In experiment 4, we would like to find out whether episodic association also reflected the effect by semantic association. In experiment 5, nonsense figures were used to demonstrate a nonverbal episodic association. The results indicated that episodic association and semantic similarity both played critical parts in bilinguals’ mental representation. Each languages was represented by its conceptual/semantic, and lexical nodes; and the two languages were “general separate, but interconnection” in our memory system.

並列關鍵字

episodic association ； semantic similarity ； language ； bilingual

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