整合性存貨模式與協同夥伴關係

Integrated Inventory Model with Collaborated Partnership

羅乾鐘(Chien-Chung Lo)

指導教授 ： 黃惠民

中原大學/工學院/工業工程研究所/博士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200600003

摘要

一個典型供應鍊通常涵蓋數家彼此獨立的成員，學者研究顯示獨立成員自利之存貨政策，無法產生全面最佳化。因此，發展穩健策略夥伴關係與有效整合存貨政策為建立供應鍊競爭優勢的關鍵。
本論文探討策略夥伴在不同合作計畫下之整合性存貨模式，目標為發展使買賣雙方聯合成本最小(或聯合利潤最大)同時各夥伴成員皆能獲利之整合性存貨政策。經由研究結果顯示，在策略夥伴合作計畫下所發展之整合性存貨政策，可達成我們的預設目標。
本論文包含四種不同的策略夥伴合作計畫。首先我們建立一改善設置成本與前置時間的不良品整合性存貨模式，模式中假設縮短前置時間可降低訂購成本，此假設符合當代資訊科技同時降低前置時間與訂購成本的實務，我們將探討此模式如何優於傳統的整合性模式，並延伸建立一包含服務水準限制之整合性存貨模式。本研究的第二個策略夥伴合作計畫，在一含不良品的報童問題中。設計兩種分別使用退貨政策與結合退貨與數量折扣政策之協調機制，此兩種機制滿足策略夥伴合作模式必須保證雙贏的條件。考慮策略夥伴模糊資源限制之整合性存貨模式為本研究的第三個合作主題，此模式中以相反權重模糊非線性規劃(inverse weighted fuzzy non-linear programming, IWFNLP)滿足策略夥伴對成本目標與資源限制所欲達成的程度，此外我們延伸此模糊方法並建立一多目標聯合補貨存貨模式。最後本研究在供應商管理存貨(vendor managed inventory, VMI)架構下建立一整合補貨與運送之存貨模式，此存貨模式可使供應商降低存貨與配送成本並提供顧客可接受的服務水準。
本論文以整合性存貨模式為中心主題，論文有下列貢獻:
(1) 推導一考慮設置成本改善及訂購成本與前置時間相依之不良品整合性存貨模式。此夥伴間合作架構可節省更多聯合成本。
(2) 發展一結合退貨與數量折扣政策之協調機制，此機制滿足策略夥伴合作模式必須保證雙贏的條件，同時減少交易雙方之資金流動與買方之資金負擔。
(3) 發展一以相反權重模糊非線性規劃滿足策略夥伴對成本目標與資源限制所欲達成的程度。
(4) 在供應商管理存貨架構下，發展以經濟運送批量為基礎之整合補貨與運送之存貨模式。

關鍵字

整合性存貨模式 ； 協調策略 ； 資源限制 ； 夥伴關係

並列摘要

An inter-organizational supply chain is composed of several independent members. Many studies show that optimal inventory policy derived by individual member usually do not result in a global optimum. Therefore, good strategic partnership and effectively integrating the inventory policies is the key to supply chain competitiveness.
This thesis develops an integrated inventory model with various schemes of channel collaboration. Our objective is to derive an integrated vendor-buyer policy that not only minimizes the joint total expected cost (or maximizes the joint total expected profit) but also benefits each channel member. We show through this study that a larger cost savings of the joint total expected cost can be realized when the partners intensify their collaboration.
In the first scenario of channel collaboration, an integrated model for an imperfect item with channel partners investing in setup cost and lead time reductions is developed. It is assumed that lead time reduction results in a smaller ordering cost. This assumption is true in many real life situations where some contemporary information technologies can reduce lead time and ordering cost simultaneously. We will investigate how the proposed model can result in a substantial cost savings over the traditional integrated model. Moreover, we modify this model and develop additional integrated model with a service level constraint on the channel. In our second scenario, two options of coordination strategies including return policy and quantity discount with return policy are designed for a newsboy problem with defective items. The coordination strategies we developed guarantee the critical criteria, “win-win” condition, of a good vendor-buyer cooperative inventory model. In the third scenario, a fuzzy resource constrained integrated model is developed. A novel inverse weighted fuzzy non-linear programming (IWFNLP) is proposed to satisfy the partners’ desirable achievement level of their cost objective and resource constraints. We also used the proposed fuzzy method to develop a multi-objective joint replenishment inventory model. Finally, an integrated inventory replenishment and shipment consolidation model for vendor-managed inventory system is developed. In the vendor-managed inventory (VMI) system we developed, a supplier can simultaneously reduce the logistical cost and provide an acceptable service level to the customer.
This thesis focuses on an integrated vendor-buyer inventory system and has the following contributions:
(1) Embed setup cost reduction, ordering cost dependent on lead time into an integrated model for an imperfect item. The proposed framework of vendor-buyer partnership reduces the joint cost more.
(2) Propose a non-traditional quantity discount with return coordination strategy. This coordination strategy guarantees the critical “win-win” condition. It also results in a lower capital flow for the deal, and decreases the requirement of buyer’s working capital.
(3) Propose an inverse weighted fuzzy non-linear programming method to satisfy the partners’ desirable achievement levels of their cost objective and resource constraints.
(4) Develop an integrated inventory replenishment and shipment consolidation model for the vendor-managed inventory system.

並列關鍵字

collaborated partnership ； resource constraint ； integrated inventory model ； coordination strategy

參考文獻

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