龍潭鄉黃唐村散村文化景觀保存價值之研究

A Study on the Preservation Values of Scattered Settlement Cultural Landscape of Huang-Tang Village in Longtan

謝昌耆(Chang-Qi Xie)

指導教授 ： 黃承令

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201400399

摘要

散居形態的傳統農村曾是台灣普遍的農業生活樣態，這些農村的生活樣態實為代表一個地區的人文發展脈絡，並具有地方意義，然而，當今台灣因為經濟發展的重點轉移，使農業發展逐漸式微，故保存傳統農村的生活樣態，對於地方意義的延續具有重要意義。黃唐村在當今雖仍保有客家文化的農業生活樣態，但仍受到龍潭鄉的現代化發展進程之影響，有鑑於此，本研究即以文化景觀的保存角度，探討黃唐村散村文化景觀的保存價值。
龍潭鄉境內的黃唐村是昔日黃泥塘地緣範圍的一部分，自荷西時期以來即是平埔族-霄裡社的社域，隨著清朝開放漢人移墾的時勢背景，霄裡社開始學習漢人的農耕文化，並於西元1748年與漢人協力開築靈潭陂(龍潭大池)，開啟黃泥塘的農業發展。然而，1781年的漢番械鬥，使黃泥塘進入將近一甲子的禁墾期，直到1837年才逐漸解除禁墾令，客家人即於此背景移墾至黃泥塘地區，建立散居形態的農業生活圈，並大致於日治時期發展至當今所見的規模，其散居的夥房屋為黃唐村主要的特色。國民政府時期的政經結構變遷，開啟龍潭鄉的現代化發展，使得各村落的生活環境逐漸同質化，而黃唐村因其地理位置，仍完整保存昔日的人文歷史紋理，故在黃唐村的客家文化生活環境對於龍潭鄉的文史發展具有其代表性。
本研究探討黃唐村的文化景觀資源在時間、空間與人群對於一個地區的代表意涵，並且依據保存價值的論述成果提出黃唐村散村文化景觀的保存層次與保存效益，期望作為往後執行黃唐村散村文化景觀保存維護計畫的參考，繼而達到客家文化農業生活樣態的再興與地方生活記憶的延續。

關鍵字

客家 ； 散村 ； 黃唐村 ； 文化景觀

並列摘要

Scattered settlement was once a general type in Taiwan traditional agricultural village, which is meaningful as it representing the cultural development context in one area. However, the agriculture development has gradually declined because of the emphasis of Taiwan economic has been shifted. That’s why it would be very important to preserve the life style about traditional agricultural village. It means a lot to the continuation of local value. Nowadays, Huang-Tang Village is keeping the traditional life style of Hakka culture, but it still influenced by the modernization development of Longtan area. Thus, this study is discussing the scattered settlement cultural landscape of Huang-Tang village, in a view of preserving.
Huang-Tang village in Longtan Township used to be a part of Yellow Quagmire geographical scope. It was the territory of Siau-li-sia, a Pingpu tribe, since 17th century. People of Siau-li-sia had started to learn the agriculture from Han Chinese people in the wake with the government had opened immigration reclamation in Qing dynasty. At 1748, The Siau-li-sua people and Han people together exploited the Longtan reservoir, initiating the agricultural development of this area. However, the fights between Han people and Siau-li-sia people make Yellow Quagmire became a forbidden reclamation area for almost sixty years, until 1837. Under this circumstance the Hakka people immigrated to Yellow Quagmire and create a scattered agricultural settlement. They had developed to the scale to be seen today at Japanese colonial period. The main characteristic of Huang-Tang Village is the scattered three-or-four-compounds houses. After the government of R.O.C. had immigrated to Taiwan, political and economical construction had changed and started the modernization of Longtan Township. This causes the homogenization of surrounding in each village. However, Huang-Tang village’s cultural and historical texture is completely preserved because of its geography position. That’s why the Hakka culture environment in Huang-Tang village is so representative to the history development of Longtan Township.
This research discusses the significance that how cultural landscape resources in Huang-Tang Village could represent a particular area on the dimensions of time, space, and population. It also proposes the level and benefit of preserving the scattered settlement cultural landscape of Huang-Tang village based on the result of discussing the preserving value. This is expected to be the reference to execute the preservation program of scattered settlement cultural landscape of Huang-Tang village. Further more, it is expected to achieve the revival of Hakka agricultural living appearance and extend the memory of living in one area.

並列關鍵字

cultural landscape ； Huang-Tang village ； scattered settlement ； Hakka

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