大學校長遴選制度之研究~以臺師大第11任校長遴選為例

A Study on the System of University President Selection from the Experience of the 11th NTNU Presidential Selection

劉紀萱(Ji-Shuan Liou)

指導教授 ： 陳文政博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/政治學研究所在職進修碩士班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

1994年我國《大學法》重新修正公布，揭示了學術自由、大學自主、教授治校等新《大學法》的精神，自此我國大學的自治邁入了新的里程碑。面對與舊《大學法》不同的運作機制，各大學內部都有許多政策需要調整與因應，初期也有許多情況是因為制度欠缺配套措施，在各校間造成脫序的現象，之後《大學法》乃於2005年再度修正。
本研究旨在探討臺師大從一所培育中等學校師資及研究學術為主的師範院校，歷經解嚴、校園民主化，至1994年師範教育法廢止、師資培育法公布後，臺師大面臨了學生流失的壓力，在社會的密切關注下，於2003年所進行的第11任校長遴選事件，因教育部長主導選聘來自業界的新校長，經人檢舉不符教育人員任用資格，所引發的種種問題。
本研究主要目的為：
一、分析我國大學校長遴選之學理基礎。
二、探究我國大學校長遴選之制度設計和臺師大第11任校長遴選之實際運作情形。
三、根據研究結論，提出改進校長遴選制度的建議。
本研究透過文件分析法與比較研究法，比較新、舊《大學法》中校長遴選相關條文之改變，並研究臺師大校長遴選相關規定，同時借閱校內會議紀錄等一手資料作為參考，最後做出建議如下：
一、現行《大學法》第8條規定「校長得由外國人擔任之，不受國籍法、私立學校法及就業服務法有關國籍及就業規定之限制」，與現行《教育人員任用條例》第10條規定大學校長所需具備資格未合，仍欠缺相關解釋法令。
二、目前《大學法》中規定一階段遴選委員會學校教授所佔比例太少，不符合教授治校原則。
三、遴選會委員應於選出校長後，在其4年任期內均不得接任校長遴聘之一級行政單位主管，以杜絕利益輸送。
四、遴選委員會從啟動運作機制開始，即應以理性平和為主軸，強調對校內外候選人一視同仁，給予相同的尊重及禮遇，以廣納人才參與遴選。
最後針對未來大學校長遴選相關問題，建議可針對一階段校長遴選制度做後續的研究，因數年前各校依二階段遴選方式產生之校長多已任期將屆，後續研究者應聚焦於一階段遴選，由教育部與學校、校友、社會人士共同組成的遴選委員會遴選出的新校長，對於學校的發展與治校風格是否更加契合。

關鍵字

學術自由 ； 大學校長遴選 ； 大學法 ； 大學自主 ； 一階段遴選 ； 二階段遴選

並列摘要

With the amendment of the University Act of 1994, the promulgation of this amendment sheds light onto academic freedom, university autonomy and faculty participation. Since then, Taiwan university autonomy has been going towards the new milestone. Due to the difference of the operation mechanism between the old and new University Act, many policies and measures within each university were required to modify. Besides, at early stage, some disorders among the universities were arisen from the incomplete supporting measures as well. Accordingly, another new amendment on University Act was made in 2005.
National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU) was established to cultivate the students to be the qualified teacher for the secondary school and to conduct the academic research, which has gone through the era of the Post-Martial Law and the process of campus democratization. With the abolishment of Normal Education Law in 1994 and the promulgation of Teacher Preparation Law, NTNU is facing the recruitment difficulties. Under the increased concerns over the public, the Minister of Education was couducting the 11th NTNU Presidential Selection in 2003, and hereby selected a new president with the industry background. Afterwards, the selection was exposed against Statute Governing the Appointment of Educators. Therefore, this study aims to explore the relevant problems incurring from Statute Governing the Appointment of Educator.
The purposes of the study include:
1. Analysis on the theory of University President Selection of Taiwan
2. Exploration on the design of University President Selection System of Taiwan as well as on the operation of 11th NTNU Presidential Selection
3. Proposing the suggestions on University President Selection based upon the conclusion of the study.
The study compares the changes on the relevant Articles in connection with university president selection between the new and old University Act via the Document Analysis Method and the Comparative Method, meanwhile conducts a research on the relevance rules and regulations of the NTNU President Selection with reference to the campus meeting minutes as the first-hand information, and propose the following suggestions accordingly:
1. Pursuant to Article 8 of the current University Law, the position of president of a university may also be taken by foreign professionals according to the related laws and shall not be bound by stipulated concerning nationality and employment in Nationality Act, Private Institute Act and Employment Service Act, which is not compliant with the required qualifications for the university president prescribed in the Article 10 of the current Statute Governing the Appointment of Educators; the relevant interpretations on the laws are not applicable.
2. According the current University Act, the proportion of the professor at the first phase taken up in the President Select Committee is too low, which is against the principle of faculty participation.
3. After the president is selected, the members of President Select Committee shall not serve as the supervisor of the first-level administrative units selected by the president prior to the expiry of the president’s tenure in avoidance of any conflicts of interest.
4. The operation of President Select Committee shall work on a basis of rationality and peace, and ensure fair treatment of the internal and external candidates, to attract the talent in participation of the selection.
Finally, in terms of the relevant problems regarding university president selection, the study suggests that the follow-up research may conduct the study for the single-phase university president selection. As the tenure for most presidents selected out of two phases has expired, the subsequent studies shall focus on the single-phase selection to consider if the president selected from President Select Committee that comprises Ministry of Education, alumni, and members of society can be more beneficial to university development and style.

並列關鍵字

Academic freedom ； University President selection ； University Act ； University autonomy ； single-phase selection ； two-phase selection

參考文獻

許育典（2005），《教育憲法與教育改革》，臺北：五南圖書。

張瑞雄（2005），《國立大學校長遴選：校園自治的矛盾與衝突》，臺北：師友月刊。

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